緊急搶救斜撐工法力學探討

Mechanical Discussion of Bracing Methods for Emergency Rescue

唐維良(Wei-Liang Tang)

指導教授 ： 鍾文貴

國立屏東科技大學/工學院/土木工程系所/碩士(2016年)

摘要

1999年9月21日發生於南投縣芮氏規模7.3內陸型淺層地震，造成8,000多人傷亡，亦突顯出我國消防人員對於倒塌現場的救難支撐器材與支撐工法知能不足。本研究除了簡介我國消防人員所學習美國聯邦緊急事務管理署（Federal Emergency Management Agency，簡稱FEMA）所制訂之城市搜索與救援應變系統建築物倒塌技術內的支撐工法、現有支撐器材之優缺點與訓練狀況外，並利用靜力學的學理公式，分析傾斜體與支撐桿件支撐角度、支撐位置、支撐桿長、支撐桿斷面等和支撐力間的關係，藉此找出最有利於發揮支撐桿件效能的支撐效能，對消防人員的訓練、支撐器材使用與支撐工法的實施，提出建議，望能提昇緊急搶救時支撐工法的使用效能，更能提供消防人員在日後從事教育訓練與執行救災任務之參考，避免災害現場的二次倒塌，進而保障消防弟兄的安全。

關鍵字

支撐 ； 支撐工法 ； 倒塌 ； 靜力學 ； FEMA

並列摘要

On September 21. 1991,there was a shallow-island earthquake at Richter scale of 7.3 degree in Nantou county,causing more than 8,000 casualties. Such event reflects that the firemen didn’t have enough knowledge and ability in the rescue equipment used in the collapse scene. Although we learned related expertise from Singapore,United States,and European afterwards,the woods used for supporting methods in those country are different from those we used such as fir and pine,resulting in deviation in the supporting strength.
In this thesis, the supporting methods in FEMA NATIONAL US&R RESPONSE SYSTEM STRUCTURAL COLLAPSE TECHNICIAN formulated by the Urban Search and Rescue Response System building collapse Technology are introduced and the different supporting equipment are compared. In addition,the relationships between the tilted body and the supporting body are investigated including the relationship between the angle between the ground and the supporting bar and the supporting force,the relationship between the supporting position and the supporting force,the relationship between the location of supporting bar and the supporting force,the relationship between the length of supporting bar and the supporting force,and the relationship between the cross section of the supporting bar and the supporting force. According to the analyzed results, it could be helpful to find out an optimized solution.
This thesis enables to provide the information for training related to the use and the procedure of supporting equipment, being able to improve the efficiency of supporting methods. Moreover,the thesis could be a reference for firemen to education and training in the future engage in the implementation of the relief mission,further avoiding the secondary collapse and enhancing the fire safety of the brethren.

並列關鍵字

shore ； shoring method ； collapse ； static ； FEMA

參考文獻

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