具價格協商機制之買賣整合存貨模式

Integrated Vendor–Buyer Inventory System with Discount Pricing Strategy

黃啟翔(Chi-Hsiang Huang)

指導教授 ： 張宏吉

國立臺中科技大學/商管學群/事業經營研究所/碩士(2008年)

摘要

一個典型供應鏈通常涵蓋數家彼此獨立的成員，以往的研究已顯示，獨立成員自利之存貨政策將無法產生全面最佳化，而建立穩健的策略夥伴關係並共同制定存貨政策將可為此供應鏈及其成員帶來競爭的優勢。本論文考慮供應鏈單一買方、單一賣方之存貨管理問題，目標為發展使買賣整合之存貨系統總成本達最小化，同時各夥伴成員皆能享有成本縮減效益之整合性存貨政策。本文以Chakravarty and Martin(1988)所提出的價格協商機制為基礎，藉由與獨立決策模式最佳解之比較，探討整合過程中買賣方之成本變化情形，進而發展買賣整合存貨策略所帶來的總成本縮減值分享架構。文中分別考慮確定性與隨機性的需求環境，透過數學模型的建構與分析，發展求取最佳解之求解程序。最後，使用數值範例加以說明，並進行敏感度分析以了解模型中各參數值的改變對相關決策的影響，從中探究管理的意涵及有利於實務運作的資訊。

關鍵字

整合存貨模式 ； 價格協商 ； 供應鏈

並列摘要

A typical supply chain usually consists of several independent companies. Previous studies have showed that the optimal inventory strategy from the perspective of individual member is incapable to achieve optimization of whole supply chain, while it can be reached by establishing strategic partnership and cooperation. This study considers the single-vendor single-buyer inventory problem, and aims at developing an associated model such that the system wide cost is minimized, also both parties can obtain benefit of cost reduction from cooperation. Based on the discount pricing strategy proposed by Chakravatry and Martin (1988), a framework of integrated vendor-buyer inventory system with price negotiable mechanism is developed, and the optimal integrated inventory strategy as well as the optimal discount pricing strategy is investigated. In this study, the deterministic and stochastic demands environments are considered respectively. By analyzing the proposed mathematical decision models, the procedures for obtaining the optimal solutions are developed. Finally, numerical examples and sensitivity analysis are implemented to illustrate the results of proposed models, the impacts of changing parameters on strategies, and the managerial implication.

並列關鍵字

integrated inventory system ； discount pricing ； supply chain

參考文獻

Banerjee, A. (1986). A joint economic-lot-size model for purchaser and vendor. Decision Sciences, 17, 292–311.

Ben-Daya, M. & Hariga, M. (2004). Integrated single vendor single buyer model with stochastic demand and variable lead time. International Journal of Production Economics, 92, 75-80.

Ben-Daya, M., Darwish M. & Ertogral K. (2008). The joint economic lot sizing problem: review and extensions. European Journal of Operational Research, 185, 726-742.

Chakravarty, A. K. & Martin, G. E. (1988). An optimal join buyer-seller discount pricing model. Computers and Operations Research, 15, 271-281.

Chang, H. C., Ouyang, L. Y., Wu, K. S. & Ho, C. H. (2006). Integrated vendor-buyer cooperative inventory models with controllable lead time and ordering cost reduction. European Journal of Operational Research, 170, 481-495.