人行道環境評估量表之研究

Sidewalk Environment Assessment.

趙子良(Tzu-Liang Chao)

指導教授 ： 簡伃貞

朝陽科技大學/設計學院/建築系建築及都市設計碩博士班/碩士(2014年)

摘要

源於現今世界環境議題及趨勢改變，據此，聯合國環境規劃人居署於2011年「城市與氣候變遷」報告指出，發展綠色城市是為了因應氣候變遷的行動主軸，在諸多要項中，其中一項論及都市應增加綠色空間、改善人行環境，有助於提高社會效益及環境永續(UNEP，2011)。各國都市開始追求永續的居住環境以改善現今生活品質，而人行道是城市居民最直接接觸的公共設施之一，同時也是一座都市，其生活水準的重要指標之一。有鑑於此，本研究藉由內政部營建署於民國100年所訂定之「人行道普查規範之道路更新評量表」作為基礎，此量表目前作為台灣各縣市人行道更新所使用，探討影響人行道環境之重要因素，透過文獻回顧法、模糊德爾菲法(FDM)專家問卷及層級分析法(AHP)群體決策研究分析，選出影響指標、因子及其權重值，建構出一套符合現今社會永續趨勢之人行道環境評估機制。根據回顧可發現，人行道環境在不同年代的重視程度可分為:1990至2000所重視的人行道基本功能、2000至2005所重視的用路人感受，以及2005至今所重視的環境永續性，而研究結果顯示人行道環境影響共有4大指標及其15項下層因子，在此同時列出各項因子間之權重值，包括:暢行性(35%)和其下層因子:最小人行淨寬(45%)、人行空間淨高(15%)、障礙物影響通行程度(25%)及障礙物遷移可行性(15%)；安全性(50%)和其下層因子:鋪面破損與不平整程度(20%)、路面止滑功能(20%)、行人防護設施建置維護狀況(15%)及人車衝突程度(45%)；舒適性(5%)和其下層因子:環境整潔程度(40%)、植栽遮蔭功能(45%)及鋪面材質類型(15%)；及永續性(10%)和其下層因子:無障礙設施完善度(45%)、透排水功能程度(20%)、綠覆率(20%)及植物多樣性(15%)，共計4項指標和15項環境影響因子。

關鍵字

模糊德爾菲 ； 評估量表 ； 人行道 ； 永續性 ； 層級分析法

並列摘要

Because of the changes in current world environment issues and developing
trend, the United Nation Environment Programme (UNEP) reported in Cities and Climate Changes in 2011 that developing green cities is in response to the main reactions in coping with the climate changes. One of the numerous items mentioned that more green space should be constructed and commuting environment should be improved in the city to help to promote social benefits and environment sustainability (UNEP, 2011). Cities in many countries are starting to seek for a sustainable living environment to improve the living qualities nowadays. Sidewalk is one of the public facilities that the urban residents directly contact, and it is also one of the important indicators of the living standard in a city. Given the facts mentioned, this research will take the "Road Renewal Evaluation Scale in Sidewalk General Investigation Norms", which is now used for sidewalk renewal in cities of Taiwan, stipulated by the Construction Department of Interior Ministry in 2011 as the basis to discuss the important factors that influence the environment of sidewalks. By reviewing literature, employing expert questionnaires of Fuzzy Delphi Method (FDM) and Analytic Hierarchy Process Method (AHP) to analyze and select influence indexes, factors and weighted value and establish a sidewalk environment evaluation system that conforms to the sustainable development trend of the current society. The result shows that there are four main indicators and fifteen sublayer factors that influence the sidewalk environment. Here are the indicators and its sublayer factors and the weighted value will also be listed as follows: fluency of the road (35%) and its sublayer factors: the minimum clear width for walking (45%), clear height of space for walking (15%), degree in influencing the walking by barriers (25%) and feasibility of removing the barriers (15%); safety (50%) and its sublayer factors: surfacing damage and roughness of the road (20%), skid resistance function of the road surface (20%), maintenance for pedestrian safeguards (15%) and collision between pedestrians and vehicles (45%) ; comfort (5%) and its sublayer factors: the cleanness of the environment (40%), shading function of the plants (45%) and texture of the surface (15%); sustainability (10%) and its sublayer factors: improvement in barrier-free facilities (45%), water permeability and drainage (20%), green coverage ratio (20%) and plant diversity (15%).

並列關鍵字

Fuzzy Delphi Method ； Assessment tools ； Sidewalks ； Sustainability ； Analytic Hierarchy Process

參考文獻

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