台灣中小企業海外人員海外派遣選派方式、母國支援與營運成效之研究

Study of the Expatriates Selection, Parent Company Support and Operation Efficiency in Taiwan Small and Medium Businesses

張銘華(Ming-Hua Chang)

指導教授 ： 張鐵軍

朝陽科技大學/管理學院/企業管理系/碩士(2012年)

摘要

台灣中小企業雖具有營運彈性、環境應變力強、生產效率高等優點，但管理能力、資金與人力資源不足等缺失，使中小企業在投資海外時，便面臨種種困難，然以往對中小企業在跨國管理上的研究課題相對較少，例如台灣赴大陸投資的中小企業，其人員外派都採行何種模式、給予何種支援(如任務角色界定、回任安排、家庭協助、報償組合)、前述因素是否對其派外任務產生影響等，因此本研究將對前述課題加以探討。本研究問卷共計發出80份，回收35份，剔除資格不符的問卷7份，有效問卷共28份。

根據研究結果得知，目前台灣中小企業有高達75%在大陸的投資項目會以台灣母公司熟悉的營業項目為主；海外分支機構的制度規章跟母國企業不一樣的主要原因是大陸的法令跟台灣不一樣；至於多數台灣中小企業赴大陸投資還是偏好以自己的親友擔任大陸分支企業的負責人，這顯示台灣中小企業主最重視海外派遣人員的忠誠度、信賴度，因此偏好以人做為海外機構營運的控制機制；另，台灣中小企業派駐大陸人員還是以基本底薪、交通津貼、利潤分享績效獎金作為主要報償組合，而利潤分享績效獎金則是企業主為讓海外派遣人員達到設定工作目標的激勵方法，台灣中小企業主為了激勵外派人員能達到公司設定的生產量、生產成本、市場佔有率等目標，也都會提撥獎金，以貨幣性報償做為海外派遣人員經營成效的鼓勵。

關鍵字

中小企業 ； 海外派遣 ； 營運績效 ； 報償組合 ； 回任安排

並列摘要

With the advancement of transportation and communication，and the acceleration of Globalization, Small and medium-sized enterprises(SMEs)in Taiwan have also been international gradually. In which the investment funds to mainland is the highest, and the enterprises’ number is also the most. At the same time, the overseas dispatch management personnel become very important in transnational enterprise.

Due to Taiwan SMEs investment have been more and more in mainland, and Taiwan SMEs’ capital amount or funds is limit or difficult to achieve, therefore overseas branch’s operation effect is very important. If the overseas branch doesn’t operate well, there maybe not only the overseas branch’s investment funds will down the drain, but also the main enterprises will also collapse. So in this study, we will research the overseas branch’s operation effect, in which we define the overseas dispatch select mode into an independent variable, and the home country’s support into an intervening variable.

This research adopt questionnaire investigation way, regardless of industry, but is limited in the SMEs which have overseas branches in mainland. The questionnaires are sent to 80 copies, retrieved 28 effective copies, So the recovery rate is 43.75%.

The main research findings:

One, in the overseas dispatch selected mode, there are home organizational structure replicators, home center oriented technology or experts to solve the problem, home center guide daily operation personnel, home center guide branch president or head, and the overseas branch’s operation effect. In which the home organizational structure replicators is most relevant. Because the replicators is same with the home organizational structure, So the overseas dispatch management personnel not only can clearly understand the instructions and objectives setted, but also can arrive at the basic level more easily in communication.

Two, in the home country’s support, the task role, back office support, and family assistance have all contribute to operation effecet exactly. In which the most significant influence is the overseas dispatch management personnel’s reward combination.

並列關鍵字

small and medium enterprises ； operation efficiency ； repatriation arrangements ； reward combination ； overseas dispatch

參考文獻

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