土壤中石油碳氫化合物PID/FID測值與檢驗分析濃度之關係研究

A study on the Relationship between PID/FID Measured Value and Analytical Concentration of Petroleum Hydrocarbons in Soil

李銘展(Ming-Zhan Li)

指導教授 ： 劉敏信

朝陽科技大學/理工學院/環境工程與管理系/碩士(2013年)

摘要

加油站洩漏的污染物主要為石油碳氫化合物，屬於揮發性有機物質，為了更能瞭解與掌握污染範圍與濃度，一般會先在污染場址的現場初步檢測，之後送至實驗室藉由儀器分析來檢測其濃度。本研究乃將採樣油品污染土壤樣品以現場的光離子偵測器與火焰離子偵測器(Photoionization Detector and Flame Ionization Detector, PID/FID)量測土壤氣體中揮發性有機物質濃度，其高濃度樣品再送至實驗室進行氣相層析儀搭配火焰離子偵測器(Gas Chromatography instrumentand Flame Ionization Detector, GC/FID)量測土壤之污染物濃度。所得數據分為汽油類石油碳氫化合物(Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon as Gasoline, TPH-g)以及柴油類碳氫化合物(Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon as Diesel, TPH-d)，並試著將數據近一步分析找出兩種方法互相之關連性。同時將數據進一步分類出土壤型態及分析吸附特性，試著將數據近一步分析找出相似的規律性，研究結果在砂粒的部分數據確實有呈線性的模式產生，並找出其相關性，而坋粒及黏粒之土壤則無明顯的相關性顯示油品污染在坋土及黏土中，在難發揮的狀況下，不易以PID/FID初步偵測其污染濃度與程度。

關鍵字

光離子偵測器與火焰離子偵測器 ； 氣相層析儀/火焰離子偵測器 ； 揮發性有機物質 ； 土壤型態

並列摘要

Main pollutants of gas station leakage are petroleum hydrocarbons, which are volatile organic compounds. To better understand and control the scope of pollution and concentration, preliminary test is generally conducted on the site of pollution. The samples are then sent for concentration testing in laboratory. This study used the photoionization detector and flame ionization detector(PID/FID) to test the concentration of the volatile organic compounds in the soil gas of the petroleum-polluted soil samples on the site. The high-concentration samples were sent to laboratory for testing the pollutant concentration using the gas chromatography instrumentand flame ionization detector (GC / FID). The data were divided into data of gasoline petroleum hydrocarbons(TPG-g) and diesel hydrocarbons (TPH-d). This study further analyzed the data to determine the correlation of the two methods. Meanwhile, the data were divided by soil type, and the absorption characteristics were analyzed in order to find the similar rules by further analysis. The results suggested that some data of sand particles are in linear patterns, and the correlation is identified. For silt and clay, there is no obvious correlation that suggests the petroleum pollution in silt and clay. In the situation of difficulty to volatize, it is not easy to use PID/FID for the preliminary detection of pollution concentration and degree.

並列關鍵字

soil type ； volatile organic matter ； gas chromatography flame ionization detector ； photoionization detector and flame ionization de

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