考慮信用交易、訂價與保固政策下的EPQ模型

THE EPQ MODEL CONSIDERING TRADE CREDIT, PRICING AND WARRANTY POLICY

王希華(Xi-Hua Wang)

指導教授 ： 曹譽鐘

大同大學/經營設計學院/事業經營學系所/碩士(2012年)

摘要

摘要
在今日的商業行為，製造商提供保固期給顧客是很普遍的。尤其是對於高科技產品來說，提供保固期是必要的。信用交易在今日的商業行為中，也是很普遍的。此研究首先考慮在保固政策與信用交易的情況下，發展經濟生產量(EPQ)以決定最佳生產決策。此研究並提出最佳解引理跟定理來解決上述描述的問題。之後，考慮需求會受價格與保固期影響而發展第二模式，並發展求解演算法以決定最佳化定價、存貨與保固決策。最後透過數值案例說明求解過程以及透過數值分析探討相關參數對決策與利潤之影響。
從數值分析可以了解，在各項參數的變動下，利潤π幾乎都會呈現上升的趨勢，除了在a呈現上升趨勢時，利潤π會有下降的情況發生，因此，製造商必須致力於讓a這個參數呈現下降的趨勢，才能追求利潤π的提升。
由此可知，被索取之尚未售出貨物的資金成本利息與所賺取之尚未售出貨物的資金成本利息 各自在變動時，對於售價S和保固期L的影響較為明顯，因為當 越大的時候，資金積壓成本變高，所以售價S會因此提高。A與h各自在變動時，對於保固期L和訂購週期T的影響較為明顯。a與b各自在變動時，對於售價S和保固期L的影響較為明顯。

關鍵字

信用交易 ； 保固 ； EPQ

並列摘要

Providing warranty length to customers is common for manufacturers in today’s business. Especially for hi-tech products, warranty providing is required. Trade credit is common in today’s business. Within the economic production quantity (EPQ) and warranty policy framework, the objective of this paper is to determine the optimal production decision under trade credit. This paper develops lemmas and theorems based on optimization to solve the problem described above. Finally, numerical examples and analysis are given to illustrate the solution procedure and get some management insight.
We can understand benefit almost increase in the change of parameters from above analysis. Excluding a is increasing, then benefit will be decreasing. However, manufacturer focus on let a will be decreasing to improve the benefit.
So we can know the effect of and for selling price, warranty length, ordering cycle and benefit is significant for selling price and warranty length, when is increasing, then holding cost also is increasing, so selling price will be increasing. The effect of A and h for selling price, warranty length, ordering cycle and benefit is significant for ordering cycle and warranty length, when A is increasing, then ordering cost and ordering cycle also is increasing, so selling price will be increasing. he effect of a and b for selling price, warranty length, ordering cycle and benefit is significant for selling price and warranty length, when a is increasing, then selling price also is increasing.

並列關鍵字

EPQ ； warranty ； trade credit

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