護理人員之專業角色認同對其工作倦怠之相關研究－以情緒調節為中介變數

The Correlation Study of Professional Role Identity on Job Burnout among Nurses: Emotional Labor as intervening variable

李麗樺(Li-hua Li)

中臺科技大學/管理學院/醫護管理研究所/碩士(2009年)

摘要

隨著醫療科技不斷進步，醫療環境日益複雜，護理服務更趨於多元及多樣化，護理人員兼具多重角色，但於目前醫療環境備受威脅及貶抑，護理人員專業角色認同產生動搖，護理人員因接受專業角色而管理其情緒，情緒的表達、處理及控制是從事護理工作必須具備的工作能力與技巧，其亦為影響臨床護理照護結果的重要能力。而其於管理自身情緒調節的過程中，易產生負面影響，如工作倦怠，由於工作倦怠會衍生種種不利組織及個人的影響，護理人員提供病人長時間的照護，其工作品質的好壞，直接影響了整個醫院的形象，甚至會間接影響至整個醫院的營運發展，因此本研究以護理人員為研究對象，檢視各變數間之關聯。
本研究主要目的為探討專業角色認同與工作倦怠的關係，並進一步以情緒調節為中介變數，探討其對兩者間是否具有中介效果。本研究使用結構式問卷進行立意抽樣調查，共發放1035 份，有效問卷804份，回收率達 77.68 %，研究結果顯示專業角色認同與工作倦怠呈現負相關，而表層調節與深層調節對專業角色認同與工作倦怠間具有部分中介效果。在實務意涵方面，本研究建議醫院管理者應重視提昇護理人員的專業角色認同，並且鼓勵其使用深層調節以取代表層調節之情緒表達策略，進而減緩其工作倦怠。

關鍵字

專業角色認同 ； 工作倦怠 ； 情緒調節

並列摘要

With the advancement of medical technology and the increasing complexity of the medical environment, nursing services have become more diversified. Nurses, who play multiple roles, are have identity problems of their professional role due to the fact that oftentimes they feel threatened professionally or even at times are downgraded in today’s medical environment. Nonetheless, it is absolutely required for nurses to have the ability and skills to manage and employ the right methods to deal with, control and express their emotions since these are the important elements that could affect the quality of the clinical care service they offer. During the process of regulating one’s emotional labor, some negative impacts are likely to occur, such as job burnout, which would bring about various kinds of impacts that are detrimental to organizations and individuals. As nurses provide long-term care to their patients, the quality of the services they offer would directly have an impact on the image of a hospital and even indirectly affect the operational development of a hospital.
Nurses are therefore used as research subjects in this study to examine the correlation between different variables relating emotional states and job performance. The main objective of this study is to discuss the correlation between the professional role identity and job burnout, and further adopt emotional labor mechanisms as an intervening variable to explore whether it has an intervening influence on professional roles identity and job burnout. This study uses structured questionnaire to conduct a purposive sample survey.
1035 questionnaires are sent out and 804 effective ones are collected with a response rate of 77.68%. The result of this study shows that there is a negative correlation between professional role identity and job burnout. Also, surface acting and deep acting are shown to have a partial intervening effect between professional role identity and job burnout. In essence, this study suggests the administrators of health institutions attach more importance to the promotion of nurses’ professional roles identity and encourage them employ deep acting rather than surface acting strategies to overcome their job burnout.

並列關鍵字

Professional Role Identity ； Job Burnout ； Emotional Labor

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