宗教因素對就醫選擇之影響－以中部兩醫院為例

The Study on the Effects of Religious Factor to the Hospital-Seeking Selection－A Two-Hospital Case in Central Taiwan

雷崇言(Chung-Yan Lei)

指導教授 ： 葉德豐

中臺科技大學/管理學院/健康產業管理研究所/碩士(2011年)

摘要

研究目的：在許多研究中，宗教信仰會影響就醫與消費行為，但卻少有研究針對宗教因素進行詳細討論，本研究之目的即在於探討宗教因素對就醫選擇的影響。
研究方法：本研究以中部兩間醫院內科門診病患各100名與外科門診病患各50名為對象，總樣本數為300名，透過宗教動機量表輔以探索動機量表，對就醫選擇及宗教信仰進行施測。本研究以SPSS 14.0版進行描述性統計、t檢定及單因子變異數分析及複迴歸分析以進行變項間相關性之統計分析。
研究結果：本研究將宗教動機以內存及外鑠信仰分為四取向：無信仰者、內存取向(不排斥其他宗教)、外鑠取向(排斥其他宗教)及未分化先存信仰者(具備內存及外鑠內涵者)。研究發現無信仰者在兩間醫院中分佈佔37%至45%，未分化信仰者分佈佔24%至30%，而宗教取向為顯著影響就醫選擇之因素。根據複迴歸控制人口屬性後，在宗教取向中，未分化信仰者在就醫選擇的五個構面中皆顯著高於無信仰者、內存取向者以及外鑠取向者，解釋變異量為0.182至0.339。
研究結論：本研究發現宗教取向為影響就醫選擇的重要因素，不同的宗教信徒互相排斥的現象不明顯。本研究針對結果提出以下六點建議：就醫服務中加入宗教性關懷，重點強調心靈安慰；門診區加設佛堂及祈禱區，使門診病患亦可以和住院病患一樣獲得宗教性質的心靈寄託；衛教活動強調心靈滋養成長，非以身體保健為主，強調透過宗教理念是可以強化身心健康的；在民眾共用的設備及環境加入宗教性質，如開放候診讀書區，提供心靈成長與宗教書籍閱讀、衛教單張的宣導加入宗教內涵觀念，提升民眾對就醫選擇上的正向觀感；宗教醫院建議透過更便利的就診方便性，以吸引非宗教醫院的高虔誠度民眾，並加強品質以留住虔誠度低之病患；非宗教醫院建議導入宗教關懷以提升高虔誠度民眾對自身之認同感，並加強工作人員的服務關懷及醫院形象以避免病患外流並吸引宗教醫院低虔誠度之民眾。

關鍵字

就醫選擇 ； 宗教動機 ； 探索動機

並列摘要

Objectives: The religious factors had a significant impact on consumer behavior from the results of past studies, However, there were findins that focused on the association of religious factor, and hospital-seeking selection.
Methods: In this study, 300 patients, 100 from medical department and 50 from surgical in each hospital, were selection in two neighboring hospitals in central Taiwan. Religious motivation scale and explore motivation scale were used to test the the association of hospital-seeking selection and religiosity. This study used descriptive statistics, independence sample t-test, ANOVA and multiple-regression analysis analyzing by SPSS.14.
Results: Four religious orientations cut by the Median of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation: indiscriminately resist religious or non-believers, constant intrinsic, constant extrinsic and indiscriminately roreligious. In this two hospitals, patients who were the indiscriminately resist religious contained from 37% to 45% and who were indiscriminately roreligious contained 24% to 30%. Religious orientations of patients were significantly associated with their personal characterstics. After personal characterstics multiple-regression analysis showed that indiscriminately roreligious had significant differences with other religious orientations, and explained variance(R2) is from 0.182 to 0.339. Moreover, religious orientations were associated factor of hospital-seeking selection excpt convenience , R2 changed was from 0.182 to 0.339.
Conclusion: The results showed that there were significant association between religious orientations and five domains of hospital-seeking selection. The exclusive behavior between different religions are was not obvious. And this study has six conclusions: hospital-seeking selection might be provided with religious nature that emphasises on spiritual comfort; provided the prayer room and family hall for worshipping Buddha in the outpatient area; in addtion to health-related knowledge , nourish spiritual growth is alos emphasised on health education; establish open study area in waiting area that provide spiritual growth and religious books or health education advocacy documents; religious hospitals should had more convenience; finally, non-religious hospitals recommend importing religious orientation.

並列關鍵字

explore motivation ； religious motivation ； Hospital-seeking selections

參考文獻

曾倫崇(1997)。醫院住院服務品質之研究。管理評論，16(2)，97-110。

林倚帆(2009)。宗教性、寬恕與靈性安適感之關係研究。中原大學心理學研究所碩士論文，未出版，桃園。

陳美玲(2010)。類風濕性關節炎病患中西醫之就醫選擇與醫療利用。台北醫學大學醫務管理研究所碩士論文，未出版，台北。

歐陽教(1992)。宗教與教育的關係。國立台灣師範大學教育研究所集刊。34，33-42。

宋光宇(2007)。為什麼佛教可以融入中國而基督教不能?生命學報，2，23-55。