老人憂鬱狀態與休閒活動之相關性研究

Analyze the correlation between leisure activity and depression in the elderly people

林俞均(Yu-Chun Lin)

指導教授 ： 何清松

亞洲大學/健康學院/長期照護研究所/碩士(2008年)

摘要

目的：本研究主要在探討台灣地區老人參與休閒活動，對於憂鬱狀態相關性之研究。

方法：本研究採次級資料分析，利用行政院衛生署國民健康局於2003年完成之「臺灣地區中老年身心社會生活狀況長期追蹤（第五次）調查」資料，扣除未滿65歲者，以及無法完整回答CES-D量表者，共有2,474人為研究樣本，進行分析。
憂鬱傾向之測量，是以問卷中CES-D量表為研究工具，10題問題加總得分範圍介於0-30分之間，得分在10分以上者，即屬於「有憂鬱傾向」，0-9分者，則為「無憂鬱傾向」。
自變項分為基本人口學變項、身體健康狀態、休閒活動等面項。首先將各變項作次數分配後；再將各變項與有無憂鬱傾向進行卡方檢定；將卡方檢定中達到統計上之顯著差異的變項利用羅吉斯迴歸分析，與探討老人憂鬱狀態有關之變項。

結果：性別、教育程度、罹患慢性疾病種類、是否參與休閒活動及參與次數，和老人憂鬱傾向有關。研究發現，女性、教育程度低、罹患一種以上慢性疾病、沒有參與休閒活動或參與次數較低者，有較高的憂鬱傾向。

結論：研究結果顯示，休閒活動的參與，對憂鬱傾向有負向影響；意即，參與越多休閒活動，其憂鬱傾向越低。

關鍵字

老人憂鬱 ； 憂鬱傾向 ； 休閒活動 ； CES-D量表

並列摘要

Objectives:
The purpose of this study was to explore the correlation between leisure activity and depression in the elderly people.

Methods:
The study was based on the secondary analysis of the data collected in 2003 by the Department of Health, Executive Yuan, Taiwan for the fifth survey of its ‘Panel study of the physical health, mental health and social activities of elderly people in Taiwan’. After excluding those who were younger than 65 years of age and those who could not fully answer the Center for Epidemiology Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), 2,474 people were selected for this study.
Level of depression was measured by the CES-D questionnaire consisting of 10 questions. The total score ranged from 0 to 30. A score higher than 10 indicates ‘signs of depression’ while scores of 0 -9 indicate ‘no sign of depression’.
The independent variables in this study include basic demographic variables, health status and leisure activities. Frequency counts for all variables were made before a bivariate chi-square test was conducted between the variables and the tendency of depression in order to identify those variables with significantly statistical differences. These variables were then pooled in multivariable logistic regression model to explore the variables associating with the inclination of depression in the elderly people.

Results:
Gender, level of education, history of chronic diseases, and the frequency of participation in leisure activities are associated with the tendency of depression in the elderly people. Females, people who have lower level of education, the elderly who suffer from one or more chronic diseases, and respondents who engage in no or less frequent leisure activities are more likely to suffer from depression.

Conclusion:
The results show that participation in leisure activities has negative influence in the tendency of depression; in other words, more leisure activities lead to lower possibility of depression.

並列關鍵字

Depression in the elderly ； tendency for depression ； leisure activities ； Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scales (CES-D)

參考文獻

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