臺灣中部地區藥物成癮者戒毒意向及其相關因素之研究

The Abstinence Intention and Its Related Factors for Drug Addicts in Middle Taiwan

李世凱(Shih-Kai Lee)

指導教授 ： 黃萬傳

亞洲大學/管理學院/經營管理研究所/碩士(2006年)

摘要

毒品、幫派及黑槍是國內社會治安的三大毒瘤，其中以毒品的危害最為深遠。藥物成癮不僅造成個人身心健康的損害，亦提供犯罪的溫床及愛滋病、B肝及C肝等傳染病迅速擴散之根源，不僅連累家人甚至傷及無辜，因毒品濫用所衍生出來的負面效應，已嚴重危害社會風氣及國民經濟。本研究擬以「計畫行為理論」，探討藥物成癮戒毒意向及其相關因素，提供衛生主管機關及醫療院所擬定治療策略與執行方法之參考，找出有效之方法來協助藥物成癮者。
本研究係採問卷調查方式，透過相關分析與複廽歸分析，瞭解中部地區藥物成癮者戒毒之意向及其相關因素。問卷分為「行為態度」、「主觀規範」、「自覺行為控制」、「行為意向」及所欲知之「人口學特性與社會變項」等五個構面部份，問卷發放750份，回收有效樣本671份，有效問卷回收率為89.47%，問卷經信度分析顯示整體量表之Cronbach’s α 值為0.8409，屬高可信度。
研究結果發現：（1）藥物成癮者在未來的一年內有戒毒意圖者高達82.86%。（2）依「計畫行為理論」之行為態度、主觀規範及自覺行為控制等三大構面與戒毒意向間以複廻歸分析結果，其整體解釋力為40.8%，三大構面因素之標準化後廻歸係數(β)值依其強弱度分別為：自覺行為控制為0.458；行為態度0.235；主觀規範為0.194。（3）影響藥物成癮者戒毒意向之相關因素除計畫行為之三大構面外，依研究樣本的人口學特性及社會變項來看，則因研究樣本之性別、年齡、教育、宗教信仰、每月收入、用毒種類、用毒年數、毒品花費、毒品前科數與戒毒經驗等，雖對整體影響力為不顯著，惟以其對個別構面因素而言仍有不同的影響強度及方向不等之相關。

關鍵字

藥物成癮者 ； 戒毒意向 ； 計畫行為理論

並列摘要

In respect of the social security, illicit drugs, gangsters, and guns are three major problems in Taiwan. Among them, illicit drugs seem to have the greatest impact. Drug dependence causes harm to individuals’ physical and psychological health. In addition, it provides opportunities for some criminal activities as well as for the spreading of AIDS and hepatitis B&C. These problems caused by drug dependence have bad impact not only on addicts’ family members but also on other people. The negative effects resulting from the drug addiction do great damage to social environment and national economy. Thus, the Theory of Planned Behavior, in this study, was used to investigate the intention of quitting illicit drugs and its related factors. We hope the results will help public healthy authorities and hospitals as well to provide effective treatment strategies and operation methods to drug addicts.
The purposes of this study are to understand the intention of quitting illicit drugs and its related factors in drug addicts in central Taiwan. The instrument used to collect data is questionnaires. There were 750 questionnaires were given out, in which 671 were valid (89.47%). The questionnaires are composed of five main issues explored in the present study: behavior attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavior control, behavior intention, and demographic characters and social variance. Correlation analysis and regression analysis were conducted to analyze the data.
The cronbach’s α value 0.8409 indicates the results are highly valid. There are three results revealed in this study. First, for a drug addict’s coming year, his/her intention of quitting illicit drugs is up to 82.86%. Second, the multiple regression analysis between planned behavior theory and abstinence intention presents that the total interpretation power is 40.8%. The three domains of the standardized regression values show that the perceived behavior control is 0.458, the behavior attitude is 0.235, and the subjective norm is 0.149. Third, the other two factors, besides the three domains mentioned, affect the abstinence intention are the demographic characteristics and the social variance. The demographic factors include sex, age, education, religions, income, types of drug, years of drug abuse, expenditure of drug use, the records of illicit drug use, and experience of abstinence. Although all of these factors as a whole do not show significant correlation, each of them does, both on the degree and direction dimensions.

並列關鍵字

drug addicts ； abstinence intention ； Theory of Planned Behavior

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