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  • 學位論文

游泳專業化程度與健康自評之關係

The Study of the Relationship between Swimmer’s Self-Reported Health and Specialization

指導教授 : 羅鳳恩
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摘要


為了促進身體健康,游泳被視為一項有效的方法,兼具休閒、健身、減肥、提升體適能之功能。而台灣四面環海,夏季長且天氣炎熱,游泳即成為大眾所需求重要的休閒運動之一。回顧國內有關游泳的相關實證研究,大多以游泳者的參與動機、運動態度、游泳對特定疾病之影響以及游泳池消費者行為與滿意度等為研究主題,鮮少研究針對游泳運動參與者不同專業化程度對健康是否有所影響進行討論,故本研究將探討游泳專業化程度與健康之關係。 本研究之目的以SF-36台灣版問卷為測量工具探討游泳專業化程度對參與者健康的影響,本研究於2009年3月至2009年4月間以便利抽樣法對游泳參與者進行問卷調查,共發出425份問卷,回收407份有效問卷,有效回收率為95.76%。其結果如下: 一、游泳運動參與者專業化分群樣本分布以中專業化參與者的比例最高,佔53.1%;其次依序為低專業化參與者,佔36.6%,高專業參與者為最少,佔10.3%。 二、游泳運動參與者專業化類群和健康自評之「身體生理功能(PF)」、「活力狀態(VT)」、「心理健康狀態(MH)」和「一般健康(GH)」等四個構面呈現正相關。 三、在參與動機方面:前三項分別為鍛鍊身體促進健康、維持或增進體能狀態和放鬆心情。 四、在參與阻礙方面:前三項分別為沒有多餘時間、缺乏同伴和場地距離太遠。 由研究結果,未來可更積極推廣游泳活動,以增進國人之健康。

並列摘要


For the purpose of health promotion, swimming is an effective sport to combine leisure, fitness, weight loss, and increasing the function of physical fitness. Taiwan is surrounded by the sea with long and hot summer; swimming becomes an importantly recreational sport for Taiwanese. Most of past swimming researches were the participant motivation, participant attitude, special illness influenced by swimming, and consumer behavior and satisfactions. Few researches were focused on the relationships between swimmers’ health and specializations. The objective of this research was to realize the relationship between swimmer’s self-reported health and specialization by Short Form 36 (SF-36). Four hundred and twenty-five people were selected in this cross-sectional, descriptive study by using a structured questionnaire. Four hundred and seven valid data were used to analyze as the results, the valid corresponding rate was 95.76%. The surveys were conducted during the period of March to April 2009. The results of this study were the followings: 1. Most surveyed swimmers were assessed as the middle specialization; the percentage was 53.1%, 36.6% and 10.3% of the surveyed ones were graded as the middle level, new and the highest level of specialization, separately. 2. The swimmer’s physical functioning (PF), mental health (MH), vitality (VT) and general health (GH) were positively related to their specialization. 3. To take exercise to promote health, to maintain or promote physical fitness and to relax stress were the top three swimmer’s motivations. 4. No time, lack of companions and swimming pool far away from home were the top three swimmer’s constraints. According to the results of this research, we can encourage people to participate swimming to improve their health.

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