台灣地區民眾藝文休閒活動參與程度之研究─以總體觀點

The Explanation of Art and Cultural Activities Participation Frenquency among Cities and Counties of Taiwan Area: The Macro Perspective

張小蕾(Chang Shiao Lei)

指導教授 ： 曾喜鵬

亞洲大學/管理學院/休閒與遊憩管理學系碩士在職專班/碩士(2009年)

摘要

隨著休閒時間及可支配所得逐漸提升下，國人越來越重視休閒活動的參與，本研究將個體特徵加總為總體變數的概念，以「活動供給」與「社會經濟發展」兩個構面為變項，並以台灣各縣市居民為研究對象，以探討影響台灣各縣市民眾休閒參與之總體及供給面因素。本研究的目的包括1.探討台灣各縣市民眾休閒活動參與類型與頻率之差異。2. 探討休閒活動的供給對各縣市民眾休閒活動參與的影響。3. 探討總體社會經濟特徵對各縣市民眾休閒活動參與的影響。
本研究以藝文活動為例，採用文建會歷年之「文化統計」資料、內政部歷年之「人口統計」資料、主計處歷年之「家庭收支調查」資料，以及經建會歷年之「都市發展區域彙編」資料，進行分析。並將藝文活動以文建會的分類方式，除了整體藝文活動之外，分為美術、音樂、舞蹈、戲劇、民俗以及講座等六大類，並分別以供給面之「展演場地坪數與座位席次」、「各類藝文活動之展演個數」及社會經濟發展面之「縣市平均可支配所得」、「各縣市第三級產業就業人口比例」等變項進行迴歸模型的估計。結果發現1.供給部分，「展演個數」的影響，較「展演場地坪數與席次」為顯著。2.社會總體經濟發展部份，「第三級產業就業人口比例」的影響，較「可支配所得」顯著。
根據研究結果，1.對各級縣市政府於規劃休閒環境、透過供給面策略來引導民眾參與更多樣化及更高頻率的休閒活動，提供建議：增加供給－興建文化中心、美術館等硬體展演場地設施的效果並不顯著，宜著眼在藝文活動之展演，增加活動次數，而不要落在大量興建展演場館之迷思中。2.對後續研究之建議：可將休閒活動之研究範圍從藝文活動擴大至其他類型，使研究內容更充實，更具整體性。

關鍵字

休閒參與 ； 藝文活動

並列摘要

With gradual increase of leisure time and discretionary income, Taiwanese people have come to value leisure activities more and more. In this paper, the concept of applying the aggregate of individual characteristics as the overall variables shall be adopted to study, using the aspects of “supply of activities” and “socio-economic development” as two variances, the overall and supply factors that have an effect on Taiwanese people’s participation in leisure activities. The purposes of this paper are to:

1. Examine the types and frequencies of leisure activities Taiwanese people participate in.
2. Investigate the impact of supply of leisure activities on Taiwanese people’s participation in leisure activities.
3. Discuss the influence of overall socio-economic characteristics on Taiwanese people’s participation in leisure activities.

Arts and cultural activities are cited in this paper as examples – using cultural statistics from the Council for Cultural Affairs, demographic statistics from the Ministry of The Interior, household income and expenditure survey results from the Directorate General of Budget, Accounting and Statistics, as well as compiled regional data of urban development from the Council for Economic Planning and Development over the years for analysis. Besides the one with more general purposes, these arts and cultural activities are categorized according to the classification of the Council for Cultural Affairs into six major groups, namely fine arts, music, dance, theater, folk performances and lectures. A regression model is then employed to evaluate the variances of each group, including the “size of the exhibition/performance venue and number of seats” and “number of exhibitions/performances of each group” from the supply aspect, and the “average discretionary income of each county/city” and “ratio of population employed in the tertiary sector in each county/city” from the socio-economic aspect. The results show:

1. In supply, there is more significant influence from the “number of exhibitions/performances” than from the “size of the exhibition/performance venue and number of seats”.
2. In overall socio-economic development, the impact from the “ratio of population employed in the tertiary sector in each county/city” is more significant than “discretionary income”.

In line with the results, this paper suggests:
1. When planning leisure environments, county/city governments should work from the supply aspect to guide people to participate in more diverse leisure activities at higher frequencies and increase the number of exhibitions/performances of arts and cultural activities instead of getting blinded by the myth of investing in more and more hardware facilities such as building culture centers and fine arts museums that are not as significant.
2. In the future, researches on similar topics should be expanded from arts and cultural activities to other types of activities and make their content more substantial and more comprehensive.

並列關鍵字

Leisure Participation ； Art and Cultural Activities

參考文獻

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