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  • 學位論文

社會支持對嗅覺功能障礙者之健康生活品質與憂鬱狀態之影響

The Impact of Social Support on Quality of Life and Depression Status of the Patients with Olfactory Disability.

指導教授 : 陳肇男
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摘要


本研究將House的工作壓力對健康的影響模式延伸為探討嗅覺功能障礙者在正式(醫生、護士)及非正式(家人、朋友)支持系統對憂鬱狀態與健康生活品質是否產生分化的功能。我們假設正式社會支持會對健康產生直接效果,而非正式社會支持則對憂鬱產生緩衝效果。 本研究為橫斷性調查法,採立意取樣方式,於中部某醫學中心耳鼻喉科門診,共有61位嗅覺障礙病患參與研究。以自填式問卷方式收集資料,問卷內容包括基本資料、嗅覺及鼻部狀況、嗅覺障礙對日常生活之影響、嗅覺功能障礙者其支持系統狀況、台灣人憂鬱量表、嗅覺障礙者整體感覺的評價等六部分。採卡方檢定、變異數分析、獨立樣本t檢定、皮爾森積差相關與邏輯迴歸分析為統計方法。研究結果初步發現:(1)嗅覺功能與憂鬱狀態及日常生活活動功能都呈正相關。(2)憂鬱狀態與日常生活活動功能也呈正相關。(3)嗅覺障礙者中有憂鬱狀態者的鼻部症狀顯著大於無憂鬱狀態者,且日常生活活動功能受影響的程度顯著大於無憂鬱狀態者。進一步利用邏輯回歸分析,結果發現嗅覺損傷病患醫生的支持是會產生直接效應的,或醫生的支持能直接增進健康、增進其整體生活品質。而在緩衝效應方面,獲得家人的支持可緩衝壓力、減少憂鬱傾向,對心理健康產生正面的效應。

並列摘要


This study extends House’s work stress and health model to examine the impact of social support on health of patients with olfactory disability. Specifically, it aims to explore whether the elements of formal and informal support system have differential support functions. The former is supposed to have a direct effect on health, while the latter has a buffering effect on stress. 61 olfactory disability patients were purposively recruited from the Otolaryngology out-patient department of a medical center located in central Taiwan. They are asked to fill out a self-administrative questionnaire, containing the information about patient’s background, the olfactory and nasal conditions, the influence of olfactory dysfunction on daily life, support received from formal and informal support systems, the Taiwanese melancholy measures, and quality of life. The data are examined with Chi Square test, ANOVA, t test, Pearson r, and Logistic regression. Our preliminary results show that: (1) Nasal conditions have a positive relation with stress and quality. (2) Stress has a negative relationship with quality. (3) Nasal conditions of olfactory disability patients with higher score of stress is serious than the patients with lower score of stress. Our Logistic regression results further suggest that support received from doctors has a direct effect on patient’s health or quality of life. On the other hand, support received from family members has a buffering effect on stress.

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