「杏雨書屋」所藏敦煌寫卷「羽619」與「阿含部類」的關係研究

Dunhuang Manuscript 羽 619 in the Kyōushoku (杏雨書屋) and Its Textual Counterparts in the Āgamas

釋長叡(Changrui Shi)

指導教授 ： 釋惠敏

法鼓文理學院/佛教學院/佛教學系/碩士(2015年)

https://doi.org/10.6819/DILA.2015.00001

摘要

《敦煌密笈》稱「羽619」：是阿含經異譯，大概是「失傳經」。
本研究出於對此敘述的驗證。
筆者發現，羽619另有半卷殘本存世，名為「近墨堂1002.hs」，二者可以綴接。進一步，從「寫本淵源」、「字體」、「紙張拼接」、「上下文意」等方面作考察，判斷「羽619、近墨堂1002.hs」的綴接順序。
接著，參考「CBETA版電子佛典集成部類目錄」，輔以「慣用句」檢索CBETA，發現「羽619、近墨堂1002.hs」與《增壹阿含經》的注釋書，《分別功德論》，性質最為接近。
「羽619、近墨堂1002.hs」對大弟子的描述文字，與現行《增壹阿含經》有「亦步亦趨」的對應關係，但由於字數差異懸殊，應非「阿含經異譯」；此寫本雖是《增壹阿含經》的注釋書，但亦有別於《分別功德論》，二者應各有所本。
「羽619、近墨堂1002.hs」記錄五位比丘尼的事蹟，此寫本的發現，其價值是：擴充了《分別功德論》「只敘述比丘功德」的不足之處。
方廣錩教授判斷「近墨堂1002.hs」是東晉（317~420年）寫本；在此基礎上，筆者以為，根據本研究，可再縮小其可能的抄寫年代為公元385年之後。

關鍵字

敦煌秘笈 ； 涼土異經 ； 分別功德論 ； 增壹阿含經

並列摘要

A three-folio manuscript of Dunhuang provenance (ms. 羽619) located in the Kyōushoku collection (杏雨書屋) was described by the editor of the Dunhuang Miji (敦煌秘笈) as a different version of the Zengyi ahan jing (增一阿含經, T 125), and possibly belonging to a so far unattested or lost Ekottarika-āgama sūtra. The research project presented in this thesis aimed at verifying this hypothesis.
In the course of my preliminary survey, I was able to locate another manuscript (ms. 近墨堂1002.hs), which, in facsimile, appeared very similar to ms. 羽619. This research finds that ms. 羽619 and ms. 近墨堂1002.hs can be collated and are in fact a single manuscript. After the collation, it was possible to closely inspect the content of ms. 羽619+近墨堂1002.hs. This contains stories of six eminent disciples of the Buddha, among whom five are bhikṣuṇīs.
At first glance, the text may appear to belong to the chapter on bhikṣuṇīs in the Zengyi ahan jing (增一阿含經). On closer inspection and comparative textual study, however, I came to the provisional conclusion that the text may be closer in genre to a commentary such as the Fenbie gongde lun 分別功德論 (T 1507), an unfinished Chinese commentary on the Ekottarika-āgama. The text in question, though, cannot be identified as stemming from the Fenbie gongde lun (分別功德論) itself nor from a different version of the same work.
As regards the dating, Fang Guang-chang (方廣錩) (2013) assigns ms. 近墨堂1002.hs to the Eastern Jin period (東晉) (AD 317–420). Since the translation of the Zengyi ahan jing (增一阿含經) was completed in AD 385, a new commentary (i.e., 羽619+近墨堂1002) based on this very translation could only appear later. Provided that manuscript 羽619+近墨堂1002 appears to belong was a commentary on the received translation of the Zengyi ahan jing (增一阿含經), on the basis of close parallels in phraseology between 羽619+近墨堂1002.hs and the extant Zengyi ahan jing (增一阿含經), I would suggest a dating to the period AD 385 onwards.

並列關鍵字

Dunhuang Miji ； Fenbie gongde lun ； Zengyi ahan jing

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