塔塔加地區降雪期間之熱量收支

Characteristics of Snow Heat Budget at Tatachia Area

魏聰輝(Tsong-Huei Wey) ； 張振生(Cheng-Sheng Chang) ； 陳信雄(Hsin-Hsiung Chen)

《國立臺灣大學生物資源暨農學院實驗林研究報告》 19卷2期 (2005/06) Pp. 161-175

https://doi.org/10.6542/EFNTU.200506_19(2).0006

摘要

塔塔加高山生態系自設置研究站後，於1997年1月8日適逢首次降雪，本研究蒐集周遭氣象站和雨量站之資料，以能量平衡法分析林內、外之熱收支。根據降水量之觀測，塔塔加地區於本次降雪事件中，林外承獲20.5mm等量之降水、雲杉林林內承獲11.8mm等量之降水，亦即8.7mm等量降水由雲杉林林冠所截留。由熱收支之分析結果，雲杉林林內自降雪至積雪融解，淨輻射總量為33.11 MJm^(-2)，可感熱通量與潛熱通量分別為15.82 MJm^(-2)、17.29MJm^(-2)；林外於此期間之淨輻射總量為37.36MJm^(-2)，另由土壤次層供應5.93MJm^(-2)之能量，兩者合計為43.29MJm^(-2)，其中27.90MJm^(-2)分配予可感熱通量、15.39MJm^(-2)分配予潛熱通量。

關鍵字

降雪熱量收支 ； 降雪水文 ； 能量平衡法 ； 包溫比

並列摘要

The first snowfall occurred on Jan. 18, 1997 since Tatachia Alpine Ecosystem Research Station was established. The data of meteorological and precipitation station was collected and the energy budget was analyzed using energy balance method. According to the observations of the precipitation, 20.5 mm equivalent precipitation fell outside the spruce forest, and 11.8 mm
equivalent precipitation inside the spruce forest. That is, 8.7 mm equivalent precipitation was intercepted by the spruce forest canopy. The results of energy budget analysis show that the gross net radiation flux, sensible heat flux, and latent heat flux in the spruce forest during the periods of snowfall to snowmelt were 33.11 MJm^(-2), 15.82 MJm^(-2) and 17.29 MJm^(-2), respectively. In addition, the gross net radiation flux and soil heat flux supplied by soil sub-layer were 37.36 MJm^(-2) and 5.93 MJm^(-2), respectively. The sum of both was 43.29 MJm^(-2), which could be attributed to sensible heat flux portion and latent heat flux by 27.90 MJm^(-2) and 15.93 MJm^(-2), respectively.

並列關鍵字

Snow heat budget ； Snow hydrology ； Energy balance method ； Bowen ratio