The family Lophiidae is represented in Taiwan by eight species belonging to three genera. Four specimens of Lophius litulon collected off NE Taiwan mark the southernmost extent of its distribution in the western Pacific Ocean. Three species, Lophiodes naresi, L. insidiator, L. miacanthus, are recognized as new to Taiwan. Two possibly new species are also recognized which need further study. Diagnosis and the distribution for each species are included, and a key to the genera and species of Lophiidae from Taiwan is provided.