老人寂寞與其個人因素、自覺健康狀況、社會支持之相關研究

The Relationships between the Elderly Loneliness and Its Factors of Personal Attributes, Perceived health Status and Social Support

張素紅(Su-Hong Chang) ； 楊美賞(Mei-Sang Yang)

《The Kaohsiung Journal of Medical Sciences》 15卷6期 (1999/06) Pp. 337-347

https://doi.org/10.6452/KJMS.199906.0337

摘要

本研究旨在探討老人寂寞的程度，及老人的個人因素、自覺健康狀況、社會支持與老人寂寞的相關性。以目的取樣方式，選取年齡65歲以上在高雄某市立醫院門診56人以及在高雄牙市老人活動中心參與活動的老人64人為本研究對象，由研究者以結構訪談方式收集資料，主要研究工具包括：UCLA寂寞量表、 自覺健康狀況量表和社會支持量表。研究結果發現：老人的寂寞程度屬於中等程度，平均得分為38.4分。顯著影響老人寂寞的個人因素為男性、未受教育、對居住狀況不滿意、與家人相處不滿意、不滿意目前經濟況狀況、沒有參加社團。老人的自覺健康狀況、心理健康、健康滿意度及自覺之社會支持和支持滿意度與寂寞號顯著的負相關。複迴歸分析顯示，「與家人相處滿意度」、「參與社團活動」和「社會支持滿意度」三個變項對老人寂寞具顯著預測性，其中以「社會支持滿意度」為寂寞最有力的預測因子。研究結果可供老人心理衛生照顧之參考。

並列摘要

The purposes of this study were to investigate the level of loneliness in elderly people and to explore relationships between loneliness and personal attrbutes, perceived health status and social support. Purposive sampling was used to recruit clients over 65 years of age from an out patient department of the Municipal hospital and a senior citizen center in kaohsiung city, and totaled 120 elderly people had participated in this study. Data were collected by a structured quesstionnaire which included the UCLA Loneliness Scale, Perceived Health Status Scale, and Social Support Scale. The results revealed the following: 1.The mean score was 38.4(SD9.6);level of loneliness in elderly people was moderate, and people who were male, uneducated, unstisfied with living circumstance, unsatisfied with economic situation, and not attending social groups were more likely to have higher scores of loneliness. 2. There was a significantly negative correlation between perceived health status, mental health , health satisfaction, social support , supportive astisfaction tending social groups and supportive satisfaction were the signifcant predicting varibless of loneliness, and’’ supportive satisfations’’was the most powerful predictor. Results generated from this study my act as referenfces for mental health care for elderly people.

並列關鍵字

loneliness ； elderly people