高雄市灌溉系統開發與區域發展之相關分析(1683-1894)

A Study on the Relative Analysis between the Setting of Irrigation System and the District Development in Kaohsiung (1683-1894)

洪啟文(Chi-Wen Hung) ； 吳連賞(Lien-Shang Wu)

《地理學報》 60期 (2010/12) Pp. 133-151

https://doi.org/10.6161/jgs.2010.60.06

摘要

本文旨在探討清領時期高雄市聚落的形成與擴散過程中與灌溉系統的關係，全文透過地理學觀點，佐以相關文獻、地圖、及田野調查等，運用電腦製圖、地圖化分析法、統計分析法等研究方法，具體呈現這些設施對高雄市區域發展的重大衝擊和改變。研究結果顯示：曹公圳全面實施灌溉後，使高雄市總灌田面積、物產、和新聚落數等大幅增加，衰退停滯的區域發展首度活絡起來，同時也擴大了港口的貿易機能，直接帶動港口繁榮和內陸腹地的發展，旗後街因此成爲全市都市化中心，另外由港區哨船頭庄也向北延伸至市區北界和西北界，在市區西側形成全市第一條線狀聚落帶，整個市區的區域發展呈現脫胎換骨式的變化，並形成今日高雄市的雛形，曹公圳就是主導這股變化的最主要影響機制。

關鍵字

曹公圳 ； 區域發展 ； 港口貿易機能 ； 線狀聚落帶 ； 影響機制

並列摘要

The purpose of this paper is to explore the relationship between the irrigation system and the formation and expansion of settlements in Kaohsiung City during the Qing dynasty. The research was conducted through a geographic viewpoint. Data collected from literature review, maps and field investigations were analyzed through various research methodologies including computer charting, map analysis and other statistical analyses, aiming to present specifically the significant impacts and changes caused by these facilities to the district development of Kaohsiung City. The research results showed that with the full implementation of the Caogong Canal irrigation system, there was a significant increase in the total irrigation area, crop productivity, and number of new settlements in Kaohsiung City. District development in the city, which had been slow or stagnant, was activated for the first time. The new system also led to expanded port trade function and directly contributed to the prosperity of the port area and the development of the relevant hinterlands. Cihou Street, as a result, turned into the center of the metropolitan area. Further, the Shaochuantoujhuang in the port area was extended northward to the north and northwest ends of the city, forming the first linear settlement zone at the west side of the city. In the process of its district development, the city experienced dramatic changes which formed the initial shape of Kaohsiung city as it is today. The Caogong Canal, no doubt, was the key influencing mechanism for all these changes.

並列關鍵字

Caogong Canal ； district development ； port trade function ； linear settlement zone ； influencing mechanism

參考文獻

文建會 [Wen jian hui; The Council for Cultural Affairs] 2007。曹公圳平面圖 [Cao gong zun ping men tu]，曹公圳文化網 [Cao gong zun wen hua wang]。

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