北部地區都市原住民的移徙與轉進

The Spatial Distribution and Migration Pattern of Urban Indigenous People in Northern Metropolitan Areas of Taiwan

劉千嘉(Chien-Chia Liu)

《地理學報》 69期 (2013/06) Pp. 83-104

https://doi.org/10.6161/jgs.2013.69.04

摘要

遷徙係許多原住民共同的生命歷程，都市原住民與原鄉原住民所面臨的處境截然不同，本研究運用歷年戶政統計、2000年臺閩地區戶口暨住宅普查資料與2007年戶政資料，聚焦於原住民遷徙過程中，重要性日增的北部區域內原住民的空間與遷徙行為，並聚焦於北部的原住民分布熱區，檢視其社經區位特性。研究發現如下：（1）自1970年代開始，北部地區的原住民人數逐漸成長，2000年後趨近於東部地區，臺北縣與桃園縣係離鄉原住民的主要移入區域；（2）相較於其他地理區域，北部地區的原住民遷徙行為有較強烈的教育正向選擇，與年齡的負向選擇性；（3）臺北市的遷徙量不若臺北縣與桃園縣，但遷徙至臺北市係篩選優質人力的過程，桃園縣的篩選效果較不明確，臺北縣介於兩者之間；（4）自終生遷徙模式可知，北部三縣市在原住民移徙歷程中呈現某種程度的等級關係。

關鍵字

都市原住民 ； 遷徙 ； 北部都會區

並列摘要

Migration has become the norm for many indigenous people in Taiwan. However, the urban and tribal indigenous people of Taiwan face distinct situations. The study data comprise a series of household registration statistics, census data from the year 2000, and household registration data of the year 2007 specifically for indigenous people. This study focuses on the growing importance of the northern metropolitan areas of Taiwan in the migration pattern of indigenous people and examines migration patterns and tendencies. Moreover, this study also analyzes the spatial hot spots of settlement by indigenous people in the northern region of Taiwan. The main findings are as follows: 1) the indigenous population of northern Taiwan gradually increased from the 1970s and from 2000 it actually surpassed that of eastern Taiwan. Additionally, Taipei County and Taoyuan County became the main destinations for all indigenous migrants. 2) The migration propensity of urban indigenous people is characterized by more positive educational selectivity and more negative age selectivity in northern areas than elsewhere. 3) The migrant flow is lower in Taipei City than in Taipei County and Taoyuan County, but the quality of migrants to Taipei City is better than that to the other two counties. 4) Examining the pattern of lifetime migration reveals that the three counties in the northern region reveal a hierarchical relationship in the process of indigenous migration.

並列關鍵字

urban indigenous people ； migration ； northern metropolitan areas

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