都市化對景觀碎裂影響的碎形分析

Fractal Analysis of the Urbanism's Effects on Landscape Fragmentation

蔡厚男(Hou-Nan Tsai) ； 呂慧穎(Hui-Ying Lui)

《中國園藝》 49卷2期 (2003/06) Pp. 233-248

https://doi.org/10.6964/JCSHS.200306.0233

摘要

本文旨在運用碎形維度參數來分析判釋都市化歷程對地景碎裂的影響程度，實證研究以分析相片基本圖之網格式資料，來了解都市發展對綠地系統景觀樣式的影響。首先，選定台北市文山區爲實證地區，以碎形維度分析不同解析度之空間資料，觀察測量值呈現的異同，了解碎形維度在景觀樣式呈現上的穩定性。其次，分別以歷時面向及共時面向測量，在都市化影響下綠地系統景觀樣式的碎形維度值的變化。結果如下：(1)當解析度由100x100平方公尺升爲50x50平方公尺時，全區及各分區之碎形維度升高；(2)以歷時面向觀測，年代越晚近，全區及各分區之碎形維度值越高；(3)以共時面向觀測，各分區之聚落影響區面積與碎形維度成正相關；都市化程度提高的同時，碎形維度增高。綜合實證結果再進一步對照地方史料及相關統計資料，討論文山區都市發展及景觀樣式碎形性質的關聯，並延伸討論現有都市綠地嵌塊體之碎形特質，及其在未來都市生態發展與建構的角色。

關鍵字

碎形分析 ； 碎形維度 ； 景觀碎裂 ； 都市化 ； 綠地系統 ； 景觀樣式

並列摘要

To understand the effects of urbanization on landscape pattern of green space system, this essay tries to employ fractal dimension to measure and analyze the grid data of aerial photograph of Wen-shan District, Taipei. At first, using fractal dimension to analyze the spatial data in different resolution, we can understand the representation of fractal dimension in each subarea of this case study. Secondary, we can observe the change of fractal dimension on both synchronic and diachronic analysis.The findings are as follows:
1. Fractal dimension rises in whole Wen-shan District and all of the sub-district, when the resolution is changed from 100x100m^2 to 50x50m^2.
2. On synchronic analysis, the later the age is, the higher fractal dimension is in the whole Wen-shan District and all of the sub-districts.
3. On diachronic analysis, the urbanized area and its fractal dimension are positive correlation; as the degree of urbanization is higher, the fractal dimension is higher simultaneously.
The study also discusses the result of quantitative analysis with local history of Wen-shan District and correlated statistic data to articulate the relationship between local development and fractal characteristics of green space system. Finally, it suggests the role that the patches can play in eco-city building according to their fractal characteristics.

並列關鍵字

fractal analysis ； fractal dimension ； landscape fragmentation ； urbanization ； green space system ； landscape pattern