退化地自然演替與人工復育成效之探討－以太麻里溪堤內洪氾區為例

RESTORATION EFFECT OF ARTIFICAL AFFORESTATION AND NATURAL SUCCESSION ON THE DEGRADED LAND: A CASE STUDY ON THE FLOODPLAI OF TAIMALI STREAM IN TAITUNG

黃俊元(Chun-Yuan Huang) ； 謝漢欽(Han-Ching Hsieh) ； 陳建璋(Jan-Chang Chen)

《中華林學季刊》 54卷2期 (2021/06) Pp. 73-95

摘要

2009年莫拉克颱風夾帶豪雨造成太麻里溪流域嚴重的土石崩落，土石洪水沖毀下游河堤氾濫成災，導致太麻里溪下游洪氾區的土地嚴重劣化。本研究的目的為復育太麻里海岸植物園的退化林地，依據退化程度及植生恢復力，訂定人工造林或自然演替復育策略。研究成果顯示植物園內卵礫石地需使用人工造林，進行物理環境的改善，栽植可與微生物共生的造林樹種，以及施肥可使造林木的生長更佳。造林2.5年，造林木的平均存活率為83%，平均樹高為200 cm；造林4年後，綠覆率達到75%。植物園內壤土地採用自然演替復育，10年後綠覆率達到90%，平均樹高＞400 cm，林冠鬱閉成林。本研究是個實例，證實林地復育方式是可以根據林地的退化程度及天然更新材料的獲得性，決定人為造林或自然演替復育，此種經營模式可提供作為洪氾區林地復育策略之參考。

關鍵字

人工復育 ； 洪氾區 ； 自然演替 ； 造林

並列摘要

Typhoon Morakot carried torrential rain and caused severe landslides in the Taimali stream basin in 2009. The debris flow destroyed the downstream embankments and caused severe land degradation on the floodplain. The purpose of the study is to restore the degraded land of the Taimali coastal botanical garden. According to the degradation degree and vegetation, resilience decided the restoration strategy of the artificial afforestation or natural succession. The results showed that it is necessary to use artificial afforestation on the gravel-rich area of the botanical garden, and the degraded land needed to be improved its physical environment. Matching tree species to the site, planted species can co-exist with microbes, and fertilization can improve the growth performance of planting species. After 2.5 years of plantation, the average survival rate of the planting species was 83%. The green cover rate was 75% after four years of plantation. The restoration of the loam area on the botanical garden used natural succession. After ten years, the green cover rate had reached 90%, and the average tree height was ＞400 cm, and the canopy of trees was closed to form a forest. This study is a case to confirm the restoration method that refers to the degree of degraded land and the availability of natural regeneration materials. After that, we decided to use artificial afforestation or natural succession restoration. This management model can be a reference for floodplain restoration.

並列關鍵字

artificial restoration ； floodplain land ； natural succession ； afforestation