The Gulf War (1990-91) was the first regional conflict after the Cold War. As one of the two big powers in the Gulf region, Iran could have changed the was situation drastically if it had entered the war. However, little research has looked into Iran’s attitudes toward the war. The main aim of this article is to evaluate the process, performance and effect of Iran’s policy of neutrality, thereby addressing this research vacuum and researching the essence of Gulf regional politics. This paper holds a realist view and concludes that Iran’s neutral policy was a balance-of-power policy based on its national interests.
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