日本政治過程的主導者：官僚、政黨及政治人物之間的競爭或合作？

Who Dominates the Japanese Politics: Competition and Cooperation of Bureaucrats, Parties and Politicians

吳明上(Ming-Shang Wu)

《問題與研究》 47卷3期 (2008/09) Pp. 51-73

https://doi.org/10.30390/ISC.200809_47(3).0003

摘要

戰後日本的政治安定與經濟成果，被譽為「日本第一」或「經濟奇蹟」，引發日本研究者的好奇心，而在觀察日本的政治過程中，政治人物與官僚的角色是主要的焦點。日本的學術界對於政治過程的主導者為誰，先後出現「官僚主導」與「政黨主導」的論爭，爾後又出現「政策類型」的論點，主張政治人物與官僚處於合作或競爭的狀態。本文主要目的是論述上述論點的主要內容，同時分析其成立的背景，最後提出解釋上的侷限性，期望有助於瞭解日本的政治決定過程。

關鍵字

官僚主導 ； 政黨主導 ； 政策類型 ； 政治過程 ； 自民黨政治

並列摘要

After World War Ⅱ, ”Japan as No.1 (or 'economical miracle'),” which signifies Japan's political and economical achievements, always attracted researchers' curiosity. As we know, politicians and bureaucrats play leading roles in Japanese political processes; consequently, the Japanese academia argued over the perspectives of ”bureaucracy domination” and ”party domination,” then the argument was switched to ”policy domination,” which emphasizes the cooperation between politicians and bureaucrats. In this article, we will discuss three perspectives mentioned previously and analyze both contexts and limitations to understand how the Japanese politics works.

並列關鍵字

party domination ； bureaucracy domination ； policy types ； Japanese political process ； Liberal Democratic Party

參考文獻

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