Changes in body composition of Indian lactating women: a longitudinal study

印度哺乳期妇女体成分变化的纵向研究

Neha A Kajale ； Vaman V Khadilkar ； Zulf Mughal ； Shashi A Chiplonkar ； Anuradha V Khadilkar

《Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition》 25卷3期 (2016/09) Pp. 556-562

https://doi.org/10.6133/apjcn.092015.16

摘要

背景与研究目的：哺乳期母体对矿物质需求巨大。印度中产阶级女性消费高能量密度食物来满足产后有限的体力活动的需要。产后妇女这些改变对体成分变化的影响还没有被研究。本研究的目的是研究下列纵向变化，用双能X线骨密度仪（DXA）测量城市中产阶级妇女基线、产后6个月和产后1年时的全身、腰椎和双测股骨颈区的骨密度（BMD），和体重、瘦组织和脂肪组织等体成分。方法与研究设计：随机选取76 名产后7天之内的初产妇（年龄：28±3.2岁）进行研究，产后6个月有70位、产后1年有42位参与重新评估。分别在基线、产后6个月和1年时用DXA测量产妇全身、腰椎和双股骨颈区的体成分和BMD。结果：与基线相比，产妇在产后6个月和1年体重、腰围和体质指数均下降（p＜0.05）。体成分的改变显示：产后1年android脂肪百分比比基线增加了10%以上（p＜0.05）。全身、腰椎和双侧股骨颈区的BMD在产后6个月时分别下降了-2.8%、-2.3%和-2.3%，在产后一年时，双侧股骨颈区和全身部分恢复（分别为+2.5%和+1.2%），而腰椎完全恢复（+4.8%，p＜0.05）。结论：这些城市相对久坐的中产阶级妇女，产后摄入高脂肪食物与产后1年较高的android脂肪保留和双侧股骨颈区和全身的骨密度部分恢复有关。为预防心血管和骨骼健康相关风险，修正体力活动和膳食营养摄入可能是必要的。

關鍵字

体成分 ； 骨密度 ； 哺乳期 ； android脂肪比例 ； 印度城市妇女

並列摘要

Background and Objectives: Lactation places enormous demands on maternal bone mineral homeostasis. Indian middle class women (MSC) consume energy dense food supplements to meet these demands post-partum (PP) along with restricted physical activity (PA). Effects of these changes on body composition (BC) of PP women have not been studied. To examine longitudinal changes in: a) bone mineral density (BMD) at total body (TB), AP-spine (APS) and dual femur neck regions (DF) b) BC by body weight, lean mass, fat mass using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) at baseline, 6-months and 1-year in urban MSC women. Methods and Study Design: 76-primi-parous (28±3.2 yrs) randomly selected PP women (＜7-days) were studied; 70 reassessed at 6- months and 42 1-yr PP. Data on anthropometry, BC, BMD at TB, APS & DF by DXA collected (baseline, 6- months, 1-yr PP). Results: Weight, waist and body mass index (BMI) decreased both at 6-month & 1-yr PP with respect to baseline (p＜0.05). BC changes showed increase in android fat % at 1-yr by 10% over baseline (p＜0.05). BMD with initial decline at 6-months (-2.8%, -2.3% and -2.3% respectively) recovered partially by 1-yr (+2.5% +1.2% and +4.8% respectively) at DF and TB with complete recovery at APS (p＜0.05). Conclusion: These urban relatively sedentary MSC women consumed fat rich food PP with higher android fat retention and partial recovery of BMD at DF and TB at 1-year. Modifications in activity and dietary nutrient intakes may be necessary to prevent cardiovascular and bone health related risks.

並列關鍵字

body composition ； bone mineral density ； lactation ； android fat percentage ； urban Indian women