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Food Consumption Frequency and Eating Habit among Taiwanese-NAHSIT 1993-1996

臺灣地區居民之飲食特性-NAHSIT 1993-1996

摘要


本次調查除了利用二十四小時飲食回憶並配合家戶食譜方式以瞭解國人各個不同地區、性別、年齡層民眾平均每日營養素的攝取量外,並利用飲食頻率問卷來瞭解一般民眾長期的各類食物攝取情形。問卷調查的對象為13歲以上之民眾為主,國人蔬菜的攝取頻率大約在每天2.5次左右,水果低於1次/天,蛋白質類食品約為2.4至3.7次/天,奶類食品則低於1次/天,蛋白質類食物與奶類之攝取頻率隨著都市化程度增加而增加。各年齡層男性喝茶的頻率都高於同年齡的女性。以地區別而言,山地及東部地區男性每週攝取檳榔頻率最高。青少年吃油炸食品的攝取頻率遠高於其他年齡層。含糖飲料攝取頻率無論是男性或女性均以青少年為最高。國人男女性早餐主食攝取種類相當多樣化,隨年齡之增加,以西點為早餐主食的比例隨之降低。反之,以稀飯為早餐主食之比例隨年齡層之上昇而增多。就吃素的情形而言,女性吃素的比率高於男性。男性大部份的素食者為蛋奶素。不過女性18歲以下者有較高比例的蛋奶素食者。由此項飲食頻率調查結果可知國人各地區食物攝取頻率受食物的可獲性影響。奶類的攝取類率雖以青少年為最高,但仍未達「每日飲食指南」的建議標準。攝取高脂食物以及含糖飲料之年齡層均有下降之趨勢。年幼吃素者之健康以及攝取方法之正确性均是訂定營養政策時應注意之事項。

並列摘要


Besides using twenty four-hour dietary recall combined with household recipes interviewing method to evaluate nutrient intakes, a food frequency questionnaire was used to evaluate the usual food consumption frequency of Taiwanese. The age of studied subjects was 13 years old and above. The average daily vegetable, fruit, protein food group and milk consumption frequencies were about 2.5 times, less than once, 2.4 to 3.7 times and less than once, respectively. The consumption frequency of above mentioned foods increased with the degree of urbanization. Males had higher tea drinking frequency than females. The same phenomenon was found for betel nut consumption. People living in mountainous and east coast area had the highest consumption frequency of betel nut. Teenagers had higher fried food and sweetened beverage consumption frequency compared with other age groups. Variations in staple food for breakfast were found from the results of the survey. The percentage of consuming cakes and breads for breakfast decreased with age. The percentage of vegetarians was higher in females than in males. Most male vegetarians were lacto-ovo vegetarians. The results showed that eating habits might be affected by food availability. Although teenagers had the highest milk consumption frequency, it did not meet the recommendation of national Daily Food Guide. The high consumption frequency of high fat food and sweetened beverage among teenagers requires close attention. The adequacy of being vegetarian during growing period needs further evaluation.

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