社會遊憩容許量評估方法之比較

Comparison of Methods for Determining Social Recreational Carrying Capacity

林晏州(Yann-Jou Lin)

《戶外遊憩研究》 13卷1期 (2000/03) Pp. 1-20

https://doi.org/10.6130/JORS.2000.13(1)1

摘要

本研究之主要目的在於(1)探討應用視覺評估法評定遊憩容許量之可行性，(2)應用社會常模理論比較擁擠感受、可接受度及滿意度三項評定社會容許量指標之效力何者較佳，及(3)探討影響社會容許量之因素。研究地區為陽明山國家公園之擎天崗草原。本研究應用視覺模擬方法針對兩個研究地區各模擬16張包含不同遊客量之相片，並藉此模擬相片對現地遊客調查其擁擠感受、可接受度及滿意度。主要之研究結果如下：(1)受訪遊客特性與旅遊特性不同，對於擁擠感受、可接受度、滿意度有顯著影響，且影響程度不同；(2)活動人數相同，但空間分布位置不同時，受訪者之擁擠感受、可接受度、滿意度均有顯著差異，且前景範圍活動人數多寡之影響較大；(3)以社會常模架構比較現地實景評估與模擬相片評估時，綜合常模強度及常模集中性之比較，以模擬相片評估法較佳；(4)以模擬相片比較受訪遊客之擁擠感受、可接受度、滿意度三種評估指標時，以擁擠感受之常模強度與常模集中性較高，顯示其為較佳之社會容許量評估指標。

關鍵字

容許量 ； 擁擠感 ； 可接受度 ； 滿意度 ； 社會常模 ； 常模強度 ； 常模集中性

並列摘要

The purposes of this study were (1) to study the feasibility of applying visual approach to measuring recreational carrying capacity, (2) to compare the effectiveness of crowding perception, acceptability and satisfaction level as impact parameters for determining social carrying capacity based on the social norm theory and (3) to study the factors which correlated with carrying capacity evaluation. The study area was one open recreation site of Yangmingshan National Park. Sixteen pictures were simulated to represent different use levels and used as medium for interviewing on-site visitors. Major findings of this study are summarized as followed: (1) Visitor characteristics and trip characteristics influence visitors' evaluations of crowding perception, acceptability and satisfaction level. (2) Number of visitors in picture on foreground and midground influence visitors' evaluations of crowding perception, acceptability and satisfaction level. Besides, there exists interaction effect of foreground and midground number of visitors. (3) The norm intensity and norm crystallization resulted from visitors' capacity evaluation by simulated pictures were much higher compared to their evaluation based on on-site evaluation. This indicated that it is feasible to measure social carrying capacity by visual approach. (4) When compared by norm intensity and crystallization, crowding perception is the best indicator for measuring social carrying capacity.

並列關鍵字

Carrying capacity ； crowding ； acceptability ； satisfaction ； social norm ； norm intensity ； norm crystallization

參考文獻

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