失能者使用護理之家之相關因素

The Factors of Using Nursing Homes among the Disabled

張志仲(Jyh-Jong Chang) ； 蔡宜蓉(Athena Yi-Jung Tsai)

《職能治療學會雜誌》 20卷 (2002/11) Pp. 63-74

https://doi.org/10.6594/JTOTA.2002.20.06

摘要

本研究的主要目的在探討失能病人使用長期照護之護理之家照護或家庭照顧的相關預測因子，以提供健康照護人員在協助病人執行出院計畫時的參考。樣本為高雄市5所護理之家新入住個案（護理之家組）、與高雄地區區域教學以上醫院接受住院復健治療後回家自行照料的病人（家庭照顧組），共147位，以及其家屬。個案之疾病診斷、日常生活功能、併發症種類數目、年齡、性別、母語、家庭形式、主要照護者、教育程度、及社會支持（家庭平均每月收入、家中成人可照護人數）等變項，及主要照顧者對使用長期照護機構所持態度，作為獨立變項；出院後安置場所為，結果變項。以描述性統計、卡方及費雪恰當檢定比較兩組在獨立變項的異同。從病人家屬對「長期照護機構使用態度量表」的反應結果中可抽取三個主要因素，分別為心理安適因子、健康照護因子及家庭負擔因子。以對數複迴歸分析結果發現年齡、對長期照護機構採贊同「心理安適」者、合併症狀數目、婚姻狀況、母語、宗教信仰為區別家庭照顧及護理之家照護的顯著預測因子。研究結果支持健康照護人員在協助病人出院計畫時應多方考量病人的生理-心理-社會的需求，以為病人提訂出院後適當的照護需求及安置地方。

關鍵字

長期照護,失能者,利用因素

並列摘要

The purpose of this study is to explore the predictive factors for the disabled patients' disposition for home or nursing homes. It could become the reference for the health care professionals in making proper discharge plan. Subjects discharged from 5 regional acute hospitals or medical center to home (home group), and new residents of 5 nursing homes (nursing home group) in Kaohsiung City were recruited. Their primary family caregivers were also recruited. Subjects' major diagnosis, activity of daily living, number of complication, age, gender, mother language, family type, primary caregiver, education, family's attitude to long-term care facility and social support from family were collected. Descriptive statistics, t-test and Fisher's exact test were applied to compare between two groups.
A total of 147 subjects and 147 subjects and 147 caregivers participated. Through factor analysis of the questionnaire of the utilization attitude of long-term care facility, [psychological well-being] , [health care] and [family burden] were drawn as three major factors. The significant statistical predictors in the predictive model were age, number of complications, marital state, mother language, religion and prone [psychological well-being] factor. While planning for discharge, health care professionals should concern all bio-psycho-social aspects in order to generate better suggestions for future disposition for the disabled patients.

並列關鍵字

long-term care,the disabled,utilization factor