The Ability of Young Adults to Change Walking Path During Preplanned and Unknown Condition when Attention is Divided

分割注意力與未知動作路徑對年輕人改變行走路徑能力之影響

卓瓊鈺(Chiung-Yu Cho) ； Louise Gilchrist ； Scott White

《物理治療》 36卷3期 (2011/09) Pp. 186-195

摘要

背景與目的：雙重作業對於日常生活中的平衡維持是相當挑戰的一項任務，而事前不知道動作路徑的改變方向也是一個危險的狀況，受試者必須馬上做決定才能夠確保自身的安全。本篇研究的目的乃在探討分割注意力以及事前知道動作路徑改變方向對行走時地面反作用力與薦椎光點（代表身體質量中心）與地面壓力中心距離的影響。方法：我們總共選取32位受試者，走路的狀況包括：己知動作路徑單一作業，已知動作路徑雙重作業，未知動作路徑單一作業，未知動作路徑雙重作業。結果：雙重作業使得年輕人減少了外側力峰值、薦椎光點與地面壓力中心距離，以及薦椎光點的速度。相反的，未知動作路徑則增加了外側力峰值、薦椎光點與地面壓力中心距離，以及薦維光點的速度。結論：未知動作路徑可能將受測者帶到一個較不穩定的狀態，而當受試者必須分割注意力時，他們則會採取比較保守的方式來面對這個狀況。

關鍵字

側跨步 ； 質量中心 ； 地面反作用力 ； 步態 ； 分割注意力

並列摘要

Dual task paradigm is a challenging condition for balance maintenance in our daily life. Changing walking path without prior knowledge of direction also creates hazard situation which requires subjects to make correct judgment instantly. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of divided attention and prior knowledge of walking path on ground reaction forces and sacral marker to center of pressure (COP) distance. Methods: Thirty-two young adults were recruited. The walking trials incorporated four condition-task combinations that each subject would encounter: planned side-step, single task (PS); planned side-step, dual task (PD); unknown side-step, single task (US); and unknown side-step, dual task (UD). Results: This study revealed that subjects decreased their peak lateral force and sacral marker-COP distance in the dual task trials. Subjects increased their peak lateral force, sacral marker-COP distance, and sacral marker velocity in the unknown condition. Conclusion: We concluded that the unpredictable change of the sidestep direction might bring the subjects into an unstable condition, while in the dual task trials, a conservative strategy was chosen.

並列關鍵字

Sidestep ； Center of mass ； Ground reaction force ； Gait ； Divided attention