Background: Malnutrition is common in hospitalized oncology patients. Nutrition screening on admission of patients receiving anticancer therapies can identify patients at risk of malnutrition in advance, and it may give an early start of medical nutrition therapy for these patients. The aims of this study were to evaluate the prevalence of malnutrition in cancer patients on admission and to develop a simple and reliable nutrition screening tool for cancer patients. Methods: A total of 743 cancer patients were assessed with the nursing nutritional risk screening tool (NNRST) on hospital admission from August to December 2008. The NNRST consists of five elements: body mass index (BMI), body weight change, dietary intake change, GI symptoms (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea) and mobility. An NNRST score of ≥ 2 points is indicative of nutritional risk. Results: The sex distribution of patients was 45% male and 55% female (M/F: 335/408). The mean age was 62.5±14.1 years and the mean length of hospital stay was 9.5±12.5 days. The prevalence of malnutrition risk was 38.6% on hospital admission. Patients in the risk of malnourishment (NNRST-B) group had significantly lower body weight, BMI, total protein, albumin and total lymphocyte count (P<0.001) and significantly higher age, body weight loss and length of hospital stay (P<0.001). The NNRST had a sensitivity of 92% and a specificity of 91%. The positive predictive value was 97% (κ=0.780, P<0.001). Conclusions: The NNRST is an easy, quick, valid tool for medical staff which can be used to screen cancer patients at risk of malnutrition on hospital admission.
Background: Malnutrition is common in hospitalized oncology patients. Nutrition screening on admission of patients receiving anticancer therapies can identify patients at risk of malnutrition in advance, and it may give an early start of medical nutrition therapy for these patients. The aims of this study were to evaluate the prevalence of malnutrition in cancer patients on admission and to develop a simple and reliable nutrition screening tool for cancer patients. Methods: A total of 743 cancer patients were assessed with the nursing nutritional risk screening tool (NNRST) on hospital admission from August to December 2008. The NNRST consists of five elements: body mass index (BMI), body weight change, dietary intake change, GI symptoms (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea) and mobility. An NNRST score of ≥ 2 points is indicative of nutritional risk. Results: The sex distribution of patients was 45% male and 55% female (M/F: 335/408). The mean age was 62.5±14.1 years and the mean length of hospital stay was 9.5±12.5 days. The prevalence of malnutrition risk was 38.6% on hospital admission. Patients in the risk of malnourishment (NNRST-B) group had significantly lower body weight, BMI, total protein, albumin and total lymphocyte count (P<0.001) and significantly higher age, body weight loss and length of hospital stay (P<0.001). The NNRST had a sensitivity of 92% and a specificity of 91%. The positive predictive value was 97% (κ=0.780, P<0.001). Conclusions: The NNRST is an easy, quick, valid tool for medical staff which can be used to screen cancer patients at risk of malnutrition on hospital admission.
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