探討城鄉社區設施服務距離之差異研究

The Study of Differences for the Service Distances of Community Facilities between Urban and Rural Areas

莊惠雯(Hui-Wen Chuang) ； 林憲德(Hsien-Te Lin) ； 沈之中(Chih-Chung Shen)

《建築學報》 80期 (2012/06) Pp. 131-148

https://doi.org/10.6377/JA.201206.0007

摘要

社區服務設施所提供之機能的強弱除了由服務項目判定，服務距離之可及性亦是重要因子。過去對於城鄉之間私有服務設施服務距離的差異性鮮有著墨。本研究為探討不同社區類型在設施服務距離之城鄉差異，先利用德爾菲專家學者問卷，篩選出一般社區在文化教育、運動休閒與生活便利上之必要且基本的16個設施項目，再劃分為都市型、郊區型與鄉村型社區三類，對全省118個社區進行設施服務距離調查，並以統計檢定，分析每個服務項目之服務距離。調查結果發現，位處不同城鄉的三類社區，在公共設施之服務距離上相近，但由私部門所提供之日常購物、餐飲與醫療設施，在服務距離上有顯著差異，都市型社區約400m，郊區型社區約400～600m，鄉村型社區則為1200～2000m，數字上明顯的是都市型社區優於郊區型社區優於鄉村型社區。本研究著眼於設施服務距離的城鄉差異，並推出具有城鄉差異的社區服務距離建議值，做為對於目前評估可能存在的城鄉社區規劃與建設較合理、較真實的參考依據。

關鍵字

社區設施 ； 服務距離 ； 城鄉差異 ； 德爾菲問卷 ； 統計假設檢定

並列摘要

The strength of community facilities are not only determined by the contents of the services, but also the service distances. Delphi Questionnaire is applied to screen the 16 required items from 3 categories, culture and education, sport and recreation, and convenience of daily life, for Taiwan's communities to facilitate the comparison of urban-rural discrepancy. Utilize the data from the island wide investigation of 118 communities to do the statistical hypothesis test to analyze the service distance for each item. The results show that the distance of the daily convenience services is exclusively 400m, 400~600m and 1200~2000m for urban, sub-urban communities and rural communities. It is obvious that the service distance for urban community is better than suburban and rural one. This study also proposes the recommended values for each service item and those values could be the more reasonable and realistic assessment basis for community planning and construction.

並列關鍵字

Community Facility ； Service Distance ； Delphi Technique ； Statistical Hypothesis Test

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