婦權會到性別平等委員會的轉變：一個國家女性主義的比較觀點分析

From Committee for Promotion of Women's Rights to Committee for Gender Equality-A State Feminism Study from Comparative Perspective

楊婉瑩(Wan-Ying Yang)

《政治科學論叢》 21期 (2004/09) Pp. 117-147

https://doi.org/10.6166/TJPS.21(117-147)

摘要

近年來婦女運動與國家機器之間的互動越趨頻繁，由政策方案的議題性合作轉向制度設計的常設性分工，婦女運動正逐漸進入國家體制。最明顯的例子是，受到國際潮流的影響以及政黨輪替的影響，在這一波的政府再造中，國內婦女團體連署要求成立中央專責專職的一級單位。傳統社會部門的運動方式有逐漸轉型、要求融入國家部門的操作的趨勢，這樣的實際經驗正在逐步累積與摸索嘗試中。
本研究主要針對性別平權機關的發展與轉變的探討。首先將比較其他國家的婦女政策部門建制的經驗，由比較研究所建立的評估觀點與分析架構的基礎上，本研究針對台灣的婦女政策機構進行研究，檢驗台灣婦女運動與國家機器之間的歷史性互動。具體而言，過去國民黨執政時期行政院婦女權益促進委員會的設立運作，與目前民進黨執政下婦女團體所推動的性別平等委員會，兩者其實是在不同的結構脈絡與政治機會中發展出來，也呈顯出不同的國家與性別關係。

關鍵字

國家女性主義 ； 性別主流化 ； 婦女運動 ； 婦權會 ； 性別平等委員會

並列摘要

The increasing interactions between Women's movement and state government have transferred from the cooperation on policy project to the institutionalization of regular division of labor. Women's movement has gradually moved into state institution. The most distinguished case is the appeal of women's groups, influenced by the international tendency and the regime change, to install a central highest-level women's agency in the ongoing governmental reform project. And such experience accumulats gradually through trial and error.
This research focuses on the development and transformation of the institution of gender equality. Essentially this is a comparative institutional study, therefore, I shall first compare other countries' experiences in building women's state agency. Based on the comparative analytical viewpoints and framework, I shall focus on Taiwan's case to examine the historical interaction between Taiwan women's movement and state organs. Specifically, I compare the founding and operation of the committee for the Promotion of Women's Rights under the KMT regime, with the promotion of the installation of the Committee for Gender Equality under the DPP regime by women's groups. They are, in fact, developed under different structural contexts and political opportunities, and reveal different relationships between state and gender.

並列關鍵字

state feminism ； gender mainstreaming ； women's movement ； committee for the Promotion of Women's Rights ； Committee for Gender Equality

參考文獻

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