苦瓜新品種「花蓮一號」之育成及其特性

Development of the New Bitter Gourd Variety-Hualien No.

全中和(Jong-Ho Chyuan)

《花蓮區農業改良場研究彙報》 23期 (2005/10) Pp. 76-86

https://doi.org/10.6957/RBHDAIS.200510.0076

摘要

苦瓜新品種花蓮一號係1998年自花蓮縣吉安鄉收集之地方種山苦瓜，經過多年純化、篩選、雜交於2002年一所獲得品質優良，符合多項苦瓜育種目標之WB9品系。經過F1雜交組合力試驗，品系比較試驗、區域試驗、栽培密度試驗等，於2004年12月29日通過命名為苦瓜花蓮一號，商品名福寶。苦瓜花蓮一號株型為蔓性，分枝多，雌花於主蔓第11節開花，春作定植後約31天，夏作約29天，進入始花期。果皮綠色，果面具珍珠突起及條狀突起，長橢圓形，果長約13公分，平均果重130～150公克，春作開花後約20－25天採收，夏作開花後約15－20天採收。每公頃產量春作約為22.3公噸，夏作約為17.3公噸。育苗日數約為14－20天，定植至始花日數30天，定植至採收日數春作約為50天，夏作約為45天。採收期：45天至60天；總生育日數：110天至130天。苦瓜新品種花蓮一號為雜交一代品種，具有生長勢強、雌花早開、結果力強、品質佳等諸多優良特性，在多元化食用方式盛行的今日將會受消費者喜愛，極具推廣價值。

關鍵字

山苦瓜 ； 育種 ； 雜交一代品種

並列摘要

The new breed of bitter gourd, Variety Hualien No. 1 was collected from local Ji-an's wild bitter gourds, in 1998. Then in 2002, the variety WB9 has been, with good breeding quality of multiple objectives, reproduced after a series of purification, selection and crossing for years .On December 29, 2004, the new breed of bitter gourd was formally named the Variety-Hualien No. 1, goods name Fu-pao, after some tests of the combination force of F1 crossing, the comparison among varieties, the field work among regions, and the density of culture. Bitter gourd Hualien No. 1 is a vine with lots of branches. Its female flowers bloom from the eleven section of the main vine. The flowering period starts about 31 days for spring crop and 29 days for summer crop. Its exocarp is green and the face of the fruit has the process of pearls and bars. The fruit is long ovaloid and the length of a fruit is about 13 cm with the weight of 130 to 150 grams. It can be reaped after flowering 20 to 25 days for spring crop and 15 to 20 days for summer crop .The total product each hectare is approximately 22.3 metric tons for spring crop and 17.3 metric tons for summer crop. Seedling nursing days are about 14 to 20, setting to flowering days 30, and setting to reaping days 50 for spring crop and 45 for summer crop. Total reaping days are 45 to 60. Total surviving days are 110 to 130. The new breed of bitter gourd, Hualien No. 1, is F1 crossing variety. It has the advantages of strong growth, early flowering females, great fruiting and good quality. It will be widely welcomed by consumers for today's multiple ways of eating, therefore, it is worthy of advanced extension.

並列關鍵字

wild bitter gourd ； breeding ； hybrid F1 generation variety