嫁接苗癒合養生室之環控系統演譯及試驗研究

Deduction and Experiment on the Environmental Control System of an Acclimatization Chamber for Grafted Seedlings

周立強(Li-John Jou) ； 邱奕志(Yi-Chich Chiu) ； 陳世銘(Suming Chen)

《農業機械學刊》 11卷1~4期 (2002/03) Pp. 85-104

https://doi.org/10.30062/JAM.200203.0007

摘要

本研究目的旨在應用濕空氣特性，配合空調原理來演譯溫濕度環控程序，發展環控系統，而演譯的實例元件即以低壓工業配線元件及可程式控制器為主。本研究係以嫁接苗癒合養生室為一控制對象，以條件序控法作為主要控制架構，來證明此一控制方法的功能性。環控系統的設計係採用溫濕度上下限區域，並考慮外氣調節的條件式複合動作來發展，並分冬、春（秋）及夏天氣候進行環控性能調控測試、電力監測及環控路徑驗證。線上運轉結果顯示：該方式確能依照控制標的適切地調節癒合室內溫濕度環境，冬天調控在26～28℃，85～95％；春天在26～27℃，85～95％；夏天在26～29℃，73～93％時，皆能精確地將標的物控制在設定範圍內。在電力使用上，利用外氣調節、光照序控及加熱方式變化的環控程序操作可使得冬、春（秋）及夏季的用電量差距趨緩（分別是平均每天36.33、33.26、32.36千瓦小時），以節省電力。設計之環控系統可彈性且便利調整操作程序及條件設定，且控制器具維修保養簡便等特點。

關鍵字

條件序控 ； 環境控制 ； 用電量

並列摘要

The objective of this paper was to demonstrate how the principles of apsychometric chart could be applied on deducing the procedural and logical issues oftemperature-humidity environmental control.Considering practical applications,anProgrammable Logical Controller(PLC)was developed to accomplish thesestrategies,and the condition-sequence control implementation was adopted as themain control scheme for the system.This paper illustrated that the developedenvironmental control system could be installed in an acclimatization chamber forgrafted seedlings to demonstrate the complete function of this methodology.Firstly,the compound control strategy,upper-lower limit,time-sequence control and freecooling conditional action,was adopted as the main design for the system.Secondly,logic control circuits finished by industrial wiring devices and PLC were created tomodel the temperature;humidity,illuminance and CO2 control processes.The systemsuch designed was suitable to operate in winter,spring(autumn)and summer ofsubtropics.Results indicated that the control system could satisfactorily achieveexpected goals for providing suitable curing conditions and modulating theenvironmental factors such as temperature and relative humidity for graftedseedlings.Regarding power consumption,the system was developed to moderatethe difference among power consumption for the four seasons.As for environmentalcontrol,if the weather conditions(temperature and relative humidity)wereappropriate for grafted seedling curing,the ambient air was directed to regulate thechamber environment.Otherwise,vents in the chamber would be closed to form aclose system,and furthermore the inner environmental control would be activated.In summary,the system was designed for flexible adjustments to environmental,illuminable,heatable and free cooling conditions,so it achieved the goal of powersaving,and it was easy to operate and maintain for users in agriculture.

並列關鍵字

Condition-Sequence Control ； Environmental Control ； Power Consumption