摘要
鼻塞是常見的鼻症狀，一般多因為鼻甲腫脹、鼻息肉或鼻中隔彎曲導致鼻腔空間狹小所造成。但有另一類鼻塞症狀其形成原因是鼻腔空間過大，黏膜上神經感受器缺損而無法偵測氣體流動所致，即空鼻症後群和萎縮性鼻炎。空鼻症候群多為醫源性鼻甲過度切除，而萎縮性鼻炎則常常原因不明。而這一類的鼻部失能帶給病患的生活影響甚至超過慢性鼻竇炎或過敏性鼻炎，尤其是空鼻症候群患者。本文將回顧相關文獻和本院多年的治療經驗，針對兩種相似疾病的症狀、組織切片變化、致病機轉和治療方式作一簡單整理，期能提供臨床醫師在診斷、治療甚至預防上有所依據。
並列摘要
Nasal congestion is a common nasal symptom generally caused by swollen turbinates, nasal polyps, or a deviated nasal septum, resulting in a narrow nasal cavity and poor airflow. However, patients with empty nose syndrome and atrophic rhinitis often present with a paucity of normal nasal structures and chemosensory receptor dysfunction. These patients also experience nasal stuffiness despite the large air space observed in the nasal cavity (paradoxical nasal obstruction). Empty nose syndrome is always reported in patients undergoing excessive turbinate procedures, whereas atrophic rhinitis occurs independently without any prior operation. Patients with these two diseases, especially empty nose syndrome, have a diminished quality of life and a higher prevalence of anxiety and depressionthanthosewith chronic rhinosinusitis or allergic rhinitis. This article reviews the relevant literature and our previous experiences and briefly summarizes the symptoms, histopathological characteristics, possible pathogenesis, and treatment methods of the two similar diseases. We hope to provide clinicians with a clear insight intotheir diagnosis, treatment, and prevention.