The Metrical Structure of Changhua Folk Verse

彰化民謠之節律研究

蕭宇超(Yuchau E. Hsiao)

《Concentric： Studies in Linguistics》 32卷1期 (2006/01) Pp. 1-29

https://doi.org/10.6241/concentric.ling.200601_32(1).0001

摘要

民謠在傳統研究上有兩個缺點：一、素材僅限於少數韻行；二、只著重語言個別派生規律，而缺乏普遍性。本文建立一個720行的彰化閩南語民謠語料庫，並提出一個非派生分析。從這個語料庫顯示，大部分的韻行屬陽性節律，占90.67%，而拍板分享則是避免陰性節律的手段。本文在Prince and Smolensky(1993)的優選理論框架下，提出一組節律制約。這些制約屬於普遍語法的一部分，而在彰化民謠中呈現語言個別性的層級排序。

關鍵字

語料庫 ； 民謠 ； 優選理論 ； 制約層級排序 ； 節律

並列摘要

Traditional treatments of folk verse have two disadvantages. First, they focus only on a small number of lines. Second, they pursue derivational rules on a language-specific basis, but lack universal validity. This paper establishes a corpus of 720 lines of Southern Min folk verse in Changhua and provides a non-derivational analysis of the data. The corpus shows a preference for masculine rhythm, which is found in 90.67% of the data. Metrical beat sharing, then, allows feminine lines to be avoided. This paper puts forth a set of metrical constraints under the framework of Prince and Smolensky's (1993) Optimality Theory. The constraints are part of Universal Grammar, but are ranked language-specifically in Changhua folk verse.

並列關鍵字

corpus ； folk verse ； Optimality Theory ； constraint ranking ； metrical structure

參考文獻

Changhua County Culture Center. (ed.)(1994).Changhua Literature Selections 1: Folk Ballads.Changhua:Changhua County Culture Center.

Chao, Y. R.(1968).A Grammar of Spoken Chinese.Berkeley:University of California Press.

Chen, M.(1979).Metrical structure: Evidence from Chinese poetry.Linguistic Inquiry.10,371-420.

Chen, M.(1980).The primacy of rhythm in verse: A linguistic perspective.Journal of Chinese Linguistics.8,15-41.

Chen, M.(1984).Unfolding latent principles of literary taste: Poetry as a window onto language.Tsing Hua Journal of Chinese Studies.16,203-240.