內丹與胎息－唐初道教“精氣神”概念之轉變及其意義

Inner Alchemy and Fetus Breathing: The Transformation of Concepts "Jing, Qi and Shen"(精氣神) of Taoism in Early Tang Dynasty

鄭燦山(Tsan-Shan Cheng)

《中國學術年刊》 31_1期 (2009/03) Pp. 61-87

https://doi.org/10.6238/SIS.200903_(31-1).0003

摘要

本篇論文之重點，在於為唐朝中後期出現的鍾呂內丹道進行溯源的工作。研究的方法，則是分析鍾呂內丹道的基本特徵，再從唐朝初期的道教文獻中搜尋這些基本特徵，以便進行比對、區別，從而找出鍾呂內丹道的可能源頭。
經由這種研究進路，筆者發現唐初道士孫思邈提出許多新的概念，而這些概念則成為鍾呂內丹道的基本特徵。其中「胎息」概念，與內丹思想有深刻的關連性，於是筆者嘗試考證胎息概念，以便說明這個概念為何在唐初受到重視，轉而被內丹思想所繼承。

關鍵字

鍾呂 ； 孫思邈 ； 內丹 ； 胎息 ； 精氣神

並列摘要

The focal point of this thesis, is to search for the source of Zhong-Lu's Inner alchemy school in Tang Dynasty. We will analyse many data to find the essential features of Zhong-Lu's Inner alchemy thought, and then search these essential features from documents of Taoism in early Tang Dynasty, in order to compare, distinguish and confirm what is the possible source of Zhong-Lu's inner alchemy thought.
Via this research approach, I find that there are many key concepts relative to Taoist priest ”Sun Si-Miao” in early Tang. Therefore these key concepts melted into the works of Zhong-Lu. Especially the concept ”fetus breathing”, has deep connection with inner alchemy. So I tries to criticize the contents of ”fetus breathing”, for interpreting why this concept is important in Tang, then it is inheritted by Zhong-Lu's Inner alchemy school.

並列關鍵字

Zhong-Lu ； Sun Si-Miao ； Inner alchemy ； fetus breathing ； jing ； qi and shen

參考文獻

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修真十書，鍾呂傳道集。

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洞玄靈寶玄門大義。

洞玄靈寶道學科儀。