研究發展與製造兩部門互動之研究

賴士葆 ； 林明杰

《管理評論》 8卷 (1989/07) Pp. 203-218

https://doi.org/10.6656/MR.1989.8.CHI.203

摘要

企業組識內不同功能部門緊密的配合是使創新產品過程順利之最基本的條件；然而在有關新產品發展、或研究發展與其他功能部門互動的研究中，多數學者均只注重研究發展與行銷部門、或研究發展與財務部門問互動的研究，而少有學者針對研究發展與製造部門，做兩部門問互動的研究；本研究以國內電子資訊及汽機車製造兩產業之研究發展與製造部門人員為對象，進行實證研究。本研究的主要結果為：
1)不同產業廠商對新產品發展過程中之各活動應由誰負責的認知、與實際分配各項任務，有顯著差異；且電子資訊業認知與實際之整合差距較汽機車業小。
2)在實際發展新產品的活動中，電子資訊業由研發與製造兩部門共同擔負相同重要的角色；在汽機車業實際分配任務中，則由研發部門擔負主要責任，製造部門僅居次要地位。
3)在部門間互動領域中，兩產業共同一致的認為：評估新產品生產之可行性、進行線上量試、與檢討並解決量試樣品時所發現的問題等三項，為研發與製造兩部門間重要的互動領域。
4)在研究發展與製造兩部門問互動的問題中發現：兩產業不同功能人員均有自我防衛的本位主義現象，研發人員以為研發與製造部門間技術差距過大，為廠內部門間技術移轉最大的問題；製造部門則普遍認為研發部門的本位主義與新產品設計的不夠成熟才是廠內部門間技術移轉最大的癥結。

關鍵字

研究發展與製造 ； 部門間互動 ； 新產品發展 ； 整合差距 ； 本位主義

並列摘要

An essential condition for the new products development process proceed smoothly is the integration or interaction between the various functional departments (eg. R&D, marketing, manufacturing). Most researches regarding this field are emphasized either on R&D/ marketing or R&D/ finance. The purpose of this paper is to explore the effect R&D/manufacturing interaction to the new product development. Based the empirical studies of two industries, automotive and electronic, the main findings are: 1. For manufacturing personnel in different industries, there are distinct differences in perceiving who should be responsible for each activity and how each duty should be actual distributed during the new product developent process. Moreover, integration gap between perception and actuality is less electronics industry than in automotive industry. 2. In the activities of actual development of new product, R&D and manufacturing personnel in electronics industry are sharing the same significant role. But automotive industry, R&D is taking more responsibility than the manufacturing departent. 3. The principal interaction area between R&D and manufacturing contains the feasibility study of new product pilot run, and examination and solution for the pilot run problems. In the interaction problems between R&D and manufacturing lies phenomenon of parochilism. The main probelm perceived by R&D staff the gap of technical capability between those two departments. On other side, manufacturing personnel perceived that R&D's parochilism and the immature designs of new product is the fatal cause to new product development.

並列關鍵字

R&D/manufacturing ； Interaction ； New product development ； Integration gap ； Parochilism