放任與壓制之外－政治化薪資形構初探

Beyond Laissez-faire and Repression: Preliminary Remark on Politicized Wage Formation

許甘霖(Kan-Lin Hsu)

《台灣社會研究季刊》 38期 (2000/06) Pp. 1-58

https://doi.org/10.29816/TARQSS.200006.0001

摘要

自1970年代以來，我們觀察到台灣的實質薪資有著不尋常的增長趨勢，新古典經濟學的放任說或發展研究的壓制說都無法解釋這個現象。本文指出，由於分裂國家的相競局面，加上台灣的政治體制（一黨威權的有限民主）和經濟結構（龐大的公部門）的特性，國民黨政權在面臨突發性的國際、台海和社會事件及周期性的重大選舉和總統連任等事件所導致的正當性危機或考驗時，以公部門調薪或調高基本工資等補償性措施作為正當化手段，來重整正當性的基礎。這種累進而頻繁的政治化調薪自公部門擴大到私部門，形成類似制度的機制，透過示範作用及物價的波及作用而拉高整個經濟部門的薪資率，作者將這種用以重整正當性的政治化調薪，稱為政治化薪資形構，以刻劃戰後至1980年代後期台灣的薪資形構。

關鍵字

勞工政策 ； 勞動市場 ； 薪資形構 ； 勞工壓制 ； 國民黨 ； 選舉

並列摘要

Since the 1970s onwards, we observed an unusual trend of the growth of real wage in Taiwan. Both laissez-faire approach and repression approach fail to account for the phenomenon in question. This paper explores that, owing to the antagonism and competition between two states on each side of the strait and the characters of political regime (one-party authoritarianism with limited democracy) and economic structure (huge public sector), the KMT regime employed compensatory measures (adjustment of the public sector's wage and the basic wage) to cope with emergent legitimacy crises and periodic legitimacy examinations. Cumulative and frequent politicized wage adjustment extended from the public sector to the private sector and thus gave rise to a quasi-institutional mechanism resulting in the unusual growth of real wage. The author terms such politicized wage adjustment as 'politicized wage formation' to characterize Taiwan's wage formation from the 1949 to the late 1980s.

並列關鍵字

labour policy ； labour market ； wage formation ； labour repression ； KMT ； election

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