This article introduces the policy debates of net neutrality in the United States from the perspectives of library and information science community. It summarizes the emergence of the issue as being influenced by three factors, the advancing Internet management technology, the changing broadband market structure, and the persistent communication traditions. It continues to describe the legislative battles between the proponents and opponents, followed by a discussion of five major controversies derived from the challenges to Internet neutrality, including the concept of equality, what constitutes discrimination, whether Internet requires governmental regulations or free market competitions, user privacy and censorship, and finally, libraries and higher education institutions' needs for a neutral Internet and pursuit for intellectual freedom.