花蓮地區青少女懷孕之家庭因素探討

Family Characteristics of Adolescent Pregnancy in the Hualien District

張慈桂(Tzu-Kuei Chang) ； 李燕嗚(Yin-Ming Li)

《台灣公共衛生雜誌》 24卷5期 (2005/10) Pp. 411-419

https://doi.org/10.6288/TJPH2005-24-05-05

摘要

目標：青少女懷孕生育衍生對孕婦及嬰兒健康的不良結果，是探討青少年健康及人口政策時重要的議題。本研究以青少年生育問題嚴重的花蓮地區之懷孕婦女為對象，依年齡分為青少女孕婦及成年孕婦組，比較分析兩組孕婦家庭特性的差異。方法：本研究於1998年11月至1999年6月15日期間，在花蓮市兩所教學醫院接受產前檢查或生產的1263名孕婦為研究對象。以結構式問卷經面訪方式，調查孕婦之人口學變項、家庭因素及家庭支持功能。結果：青少女孕婦以居住於偏遠地區(36.3%)及原住民(62.1%)較多。控制了孕婦個人及家庭相關因素之後，發現孕婦未婚（OR為8.8）、無業(OR=3.9)、母親曾未成年生育(OR=3.1)，及其姐妹曾未成年生育(OR=2.4)是影響青少女懷孕的重要因素。結論：青少女懷孕除了個人因素外，家庭中其它女性（母親、姐妹）曾青少年生育亦是重要的因素。對於青少女懷孕生育的問題，除了加強青少年期之性知識及避孕方式的宣導外，更應從家庭因素著手，透過以學校、衛生及社會福利機構的輔導及協助，建立青少女孕婦的照護及輔導網絡，減少因低齡生育所衍生的不利年輕孕婦及其所生小兒之身心健康的社會問題。

關鍵字

青少女懷孕 ； 家庭特性 ； 家庭支持功能 ； 花蓮地區

並列摘要

Objective: Pregnancy in adolescence is well known to be a major cause of adverse effects both to the newborns, baby, and the pregnanct adolescent. This problem is more common in eastern Taiwan. The aim of this study is to investigate the family factors associated with teenage pregnancy in the Hualien district. Method: This study was conducted by face-to-face interviewing pregnant women who visited prenatal care clinics or delivered a baby at either of the two teaching hospitals in the Hualien city, from November 1998 to 15th June 1999. Pregnancy women's demographic characteristics, their parents' ages, ethnicity, ages of the first childbearing of their mothers and sisters, and how they perceived their family function were all recorded. Results: Teenage mothers were more likely to be found in the aboriginal district (62.1%) and remote areas (36.3%). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that teenage mothers were more likely to remain unmarried (OR=8.8), be unemployed (OR=3.9), and their mothers (OR=3.1) and, sisters (OR=2.4) were also more likely to have teenage childbearing experience. Conclusion: Family factors played crucial roles in teenage pregnancy, particularly experience of teenage childbearing in their family. Programs for the prevention of teenage pregnancy and their adverse consequence are needed in the Hualien district. For teenage mothers, sex education and contraception, counseling and assistant network are needed. Schools, health care facilities and social welfare institutes should collaborate in caring for teenage mothers and their children.

並列關鍵字

Teenage pregnancy ； family characteristic ； family support ； Hualien district

參考文獻

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