本文認為中共目前具有「資本主義發展型國家」和「後極權主義」兩種特性,這兩種特性共同影響政治菁英的甄補。本文以1978~2008年之間,被中共拔擢擔任宏觀經濟調控部門副部級以上職務的258人為對象,探討中共政權二元特性對財經高官甄補的影響。受到「發展型國家」特性的影響,財經高官的市場經濟專業性日益提升,反映在研究生以上學歷者已成主體,具有經貿管理專業的比例愈來愈高,前往歐美國家留學的比例也逐漸提升,並以攻讀學位為主體。財經高官的工作經歷多半以宏觀經濟調控部門為主,出現「系統內流動」的趨勢,惟宏觀經濟調控部門與專業經濟部門、國有企業之間的相互流動仍占一定比例。在「後極權主義」特性的影響下,政治憑證對於財經高官的仕途發展也很重要,表現在財經高官的黨員比例極高,同時隨著職務級別提升,具有專任黨職經歷的比例明顯提高。不過,入黨年齡已經不再是重要的政治憑證。
Political recruitment, a crucial function of a political system, is strongly affected by the nature of the system. Analyzing 258 ranking officials who have ever occupied a post at the full or vice-minister levels in the ministries of macroeconomic regulation and control, this paper demonstrated the impact of the duality of the Chinese political regime-both developmentalism and post-totalitarianism-on the recruitment of economic technocrats. The attribute of developmentalism leads to the rise of professionalism. Most economic technocrats completed graduate studies and were trained in economics and management. About a quarter of these technocrats had overseas study experiences and usually obtained a degree from overseas universities. Moreover, these officials' career pattern revealed that they were usually promoted from ministries of macroeconomic regulation and control, and usually transferred to another post in these ministries. In the meanwhile, political credentials remained important for the mobility of economic technocrats. The overwhelming majority of economic technocrats were CCP members and the experience of Party posts became important in the upward-mobility of these officials.
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