脊髓損傷病患之坐骨粗隆對各種常用坐墊的介面壓力評估

Evaluation of the Interface Pressure of Conventionally Used Cushions by SCI Patient at the Ischial Tuberosites

劉耀宗(Yiu-Chung Lau) ； 梁秋萍(Chau-Peng Leong) ； 張學文(Hsueh-Wen Chang)

《中華民國復健醫學會雜誌》 27卷4期 (1999/12) Pp. 197-205

摘要

對長期需使用輪椅的脊髓損傷患者而言，坐骨粗隆部位的壓瘡，是一個相當困擾的問題。選擇適當的坐墊，是預防壓瘡常用的方法之一。
本研究利用Ergoresearch and Consulting INC公司的Expert seat壓力評估測量儀，評估目前市售常用之各種坐墊，是否能有效地減低坐骨粗隆的壓力。
本研究共有兩組受試者，實驗組為脊髓損傷病人共29位，對照組為健康成年人共20位。採坐姿測試坐骨粗隆壓力共5次，評估受試者各坐骨粗隆與凝膠坐墊、乳膠坐墊、充氣坐墊、凝膠乳膠坐墊、不使用坐墊的介面壓力。
結果顯示沒有一種坐墊能有效減低坐骨粗隆的壓力，而乳膠坐墊對坐骨粗隆的壓力不減反顯著增加。

關鍵字

壓瘡 ； 坐墊 ； 脊髓損傷 ； 坐骨粗隆

並列摘要

Spinal cord injury (SCI) patients confined to a wheelchair for long periods are prone to pressure sores occurring at ischial tuberosity. This study used Expert-Seat pressure evaluation pad to record the pressure of the ischial tuberosities. Twenty-nine spinal cord injury subjects and twenty normal subjects participated in this study. The pressure distributed over ischial tuberosities during sitting was measured five times, including one measured without cushion. Four wheelchair cushions with different types of materials were evaluated in two population groups: spinal cord injured and normal control. The subjects sat on various types of wheelchair seats: (1) gel cushion: skil care cushion (2) foam cushion: convo cushion (3) air cushion: polyair cushion (4) gel with foam cushion: bioform cushion. According to our results, no cushion can effectively reduce the pressure on the ischial tuberosities. Instead of relieving the pressure over ischial tuberosity, the foam cushion could even increase pressure.

並列關鍵字

pressure sore ； cushion ； spinal cord injury ； ischial tuberosities