台灣洗衣業生產力之研究

Study About The Productivity of The Taiwanese Laundry Industry

劉育彰(Y. C. Chang) ； 申屠光(K. Shentu)

《華岡紡織期刊》 9卷2期 (2002/06) Pp. 168-179

摘要

傳統洗衣業與連鎖洗衣業近年來，隨著經濟大幅的蕭條，使許多家工廠面臨結束營業的困境，為了解洗衣業的生產力情形，以分析缺乏競爭力的原因，是本研究的主要動機。生產力水準之高低，對於國家的經濟成長或企業的經營環境都有相當大的影響。本研究即以生產力模式分析台灣現有之洗衣產業，深入了解洗衣業之經營環境與經營各項指標，以了解台灣洗衣產業面臨之實際困難。以台灣洗衣業所提供去年(90)年會計報表中各個項目及問卷內容等相關次料，進行相關分析。研究結果顯示：洗衣業每人營業額為新台幣935,126.54元；每元薪資之營業額倍數為2.51倍；每一工時之營業額為新台幣8706.46元；每元資產之營業額倍數為1.42倍；資金生產力為14.22倍；材料生產力為4.74倍；設生產力為0.75倍。其生產力較一般產業為低。洗衣業尚未很充分地了解與應用生產力衡量方式。商家對員工的教育與訓緗普遍不夠重視。洗衣業未能獲得正常利潤以上的收益，有獲利不易的現象。解決之改善方法有：1.有效提高員工之教育訓練費用，以利減少勞動成本之投入。2.在流動資產方面善加利用或減少固定資產的支出。3.有效運用生產力之衡量模式，評估洗衣業現況，以利洗衣業的業者提升其競爭能力。

關鍵字

傳統業 ； 連鎖業 ； 洗衣業 ； 生產力

並列摘要

Recently traditional laundry industry, and chain laundry industry are affected by the economic recession that causes lots of factories are faced with the problem of closing down the business. In order to understand the industry’s productivity, it’s important to analyze the concurrence level. This is the aim of our study. This Research analyzes Taiwan’s laundry industry in the early age by the model of productivity, then try to realize the environnement of laundry index of operation and finally every index of operation and the real difficulty of Taiwan laundry industry. A report publicated last year, presents the programs and the balance sheet of the Taiwanese laundry﹒Some merchants analized a company during the nineties: The operation amount of laundry industry is $935, 126.54 per employee; the operation amount time of wages per dollar is 2.51 times; the operation amount of per work hour is $8706.46 ; the productivity of asset is 1.42 times; the productivity of capital is 14.22 times; material productivity is 4.74 times; equipment productivity is 2.16 times; the total factor productivity is 1.98 times; total productivity is 0.74 ; is to the system productivity, it is 0.75 times. It appears that the laundry productivity is lower than the general rate. The laundries don’t know yet how to measure their productivity. The staff is not enough trained and taught by the owners. Laundries never receive any advantages from the benefit. They barely get any advantages .To improve their productivity, laundry should: 1. Set up their prices according to market and train their employees. And this way, they will be able to reduce their waste. 2.If the companies manage to reduce the fixed cost or if they manage to use rationally their changing cost, they will increase their productivity. 3.They also should follow the productivity model. That willreduce concurrency between laundry companies.

並列關鍵字

traditional industry ； chain industry ； laundry ； productivity