防火劑加壓注入處理對合板抗燃性之影響

Effects of Fire-Retardant Treatment with Pressure Process on Flammability of Plywood

林勝傑(Shung-Jei Lin)

《台灣林業科學》 15卷2期 (2000/06) Pp. 171-178

https://doi.org/10.7075/TJFS.200006.0171

摘要

本試驗調配四組水溶性防火藥劑，以眞空加壓方式注入合板，期能製造符合國家標準CNS-6532規定之室內裝飾用耐燃合板。試驗結果得知防火劑注入處理之合板，其抗燃性以自行調配之FR防火劑者效果最好，其次為防火劑AF及Dricon；再次為Bi-fax。FR防火劑以20%重量百分率水溶液處理，合板厚度10mm以上者均可符合CNS-6532耐燃三級之要求，且其發熱量(tdθ)及發煙量(C(下標 A))亦較其他三組配方低，餘燄時間(tl)亦較短。防火劑AF抗燃效果，其著火性(tc)及發熱量均可達CNS-6532耐燃三級之要求，合板厚度12mm以上之餘燄時間未超過30sec，惟其發煙量偏高有待克服。而以Dricon防火劑處理之合板，其著火性、發熱量亦均可達CNS-6532耐燃三級之要求，惟其餘燄時間均超過30sec，故僅適合處理厚度15mm以上之合板。防火劑Bio-fax雖然具有低發煙量之特性，但因其自熄性（即餘燄時間）較差，故除了以20%濃度處理15mm厚之合板外，均無法符合CNS-6532耐燃三級之要求。至於合板處理前後之顏色變化，Dricon處理材變化最小，△E＊為2.21，其次為FR處理材，△E＊為3.84，而Bio-fax及AF處理材之顏色變化最大，△E＊分別為10.76及12.670。

關鍵字

合板 ； 防火劑 ； 眞空加壓注入 ； 抗燃性 ； 吸濕性

並列摘要

Water-soluble fire retardants, including AP, Bio-fax, Dricon and FR, were impregnated into plywood with vacuum pressure treatment to increase its incombustibility. A building material- combustibility-tester (model P2-RE3 from Toyoseki, Japan) and Chinese National Standards CNS6532 were used to evaluate the incombustibility of plywood. The results revealed that the order of decreasing incombustibility is: FR, AF, Dricon, Bio-fax. The plywood which was thicker than 10 mm and treated with FR 20% (wt/wt) water solution met the Grade 3 standard of CNS-6532. Its heat generation and fuming were less than those of the other 3 fire retardants. Its after flaming was also shorter. The incombustibility of AP met the requirement of the Grade.3 standard of CNS-6532. The after flaming of AP-treated plywood thicker than 12mm was shorter than 30s. However, the excessive value of fuming needs improving. The ignitability and heat generation of Dricon fire-retardant-treated plywood met the requirement of the Grade 3 standard of CNS-6532. The after flaming of Dricon-treated plywood was longer than 30s, so that Dricon is just suited for use with flame-resistant plywood thicker than 15 mm. Although Bio-fax treated plywood had low-fuming characters, its after flaming was the worst. Bio-fax-treated plywood did not meet the requirement of the Grade 3 standard of CNS-6532 except for the 15 mm-thick plywood which was treated with a 20% solution. Color differences (△E*) of plywood treated with the 4 fire retardants were 2.21, 3.84, 10.76, and 12.67 for Dricon, FR, Bio-fax, and AF, respectively.

並列關鍵字

plywood ； fire-retardant ； vacuum pressure impregnation ； incombustibility ； hygroscopicity