遺傳學迷思概念之文獻探討及其在教學上的啓示

Literature Review of Genetics Misconceptions and Its Implications on Instruction

楊坤原(Kun-Yuan Yang) ； 張賴妙理(Miao-Li Changlai)

《科學教育學刊》 12卷3期 (2004/09) Pp. 365-398

https://doi.org/10.6173/CJSE.2004.1203.05

摘要

遺傳學是各級學校的師生一致感到難以教和學的生物學單元之一。爲使國內外遺傳學迷思概念的研究能有效促進遺傳學的教學，本研究採文獻探討的研究方式，分析自1970年至2000年共48篇遺傳學迷思概念相關文獻，從中歸納出導致學生遺傳學迷思概念的來源與成因大致可分爲個人、家庭與社會文化和學校教學三大類。此外，本研究亦列舉各年級學生對細胞分裂（包括有絲分裂、減數分裂）、有性生殖（包括配子、性狀遺傳）、孟德爾遺傳定律（包括機率在遺傳學上的應用、基因型）、基因（包括對偶基因、DNA的化學組成與結構、顯（隱）性、共顯性和不完全顯性）、染色體（包括同源染色體、性染色體和性聯遺傳）、突變與遺傳工程等七類主要概念及其相關概念所出現之各項迷思概念。最後則參照各研究文獻的啟示與認知心理學的觀點，對遺傳學概念的教學提出各項建議。

關鍵字

遺傳學 ； 迷思概念 ； 教學

並列摘要

There is a consensus among teachers and students that genetics is one of the most difficult units to teach and learn. To help promote the teaching and learning of genetics concepts, we analyzed forty-eight papers published from 1970 to 2000 about genetics misconceptions. From these we generalized three causes (personal, social, and school teaching) for genetics misconceptions and listed seven categories of students' misconceptions including: cell divisions (mitosis and meiosis), sexual reproduction (gamate and the inheritance of characteristics), Mendel's laws of inheritance (the application of probability and genotype), gene (allele, chemical components and structure of DNA, dominance and recessive, codominance, incomplete dominance), chromosome (homologus chromosome, sex chromosome, sex-linked inheritance), mutation, and genetic engineering. Based on the results, other research findings and the principles of cognitive psychology, suggestions for the teaching of genetics concepts are provided.

並列關鍵字

Genetics ； Misconception ； Instruction

參考文獻

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