流感抗病毒藥品的新進展

Novel Anti-influenza Virus Agents

唐正乾(Chang-Chen Tang) ； 張銘峰(Ming-Fong Chang)

《台灣醫學》 23卷4期 (2019/07) Pp. 542-548

https://doi.org/10.6320/FJM.201907_23(4).0016

摘要

流感是一種嚴重的傳染病，流感在兒童、老年人或是其他高風險族群中是致命的威脅。除了耐藥性流感變異病毒與流感病毒本身的新突變外，現有的疫苗並無法完全保護人們免受流感病毒感染。新型高病原性（禽）流感病毒株，例如H5N1及H7N9等可能無預警的引爆全球疫情，將造成流感罹病率與死亡率的顯著增加。2007年以來，在一些國家與地區（包括日本、美國、中國及歐洲等）的病人，陸續檢測出少數具oseltamivir抗藥性A型流感H1N1病毒分離株。同時，幾乎所有季節性流感病毒都存在對金剛烷的廣泛抗藥性。因此，持續研發新的分子靶標藥品與創造性治療策略，來對抗流感病毒是有需要的。

關鍵字

流行性感冒 ； 克流感 ； 神經胺酸酶抑制劑 ； CAP依賴性核酸內切酶抑制劑 ； RNA依賴性RNA聚合酶抑制劑

並列摘要

Influenza is a serious infectious disease, which is life-threatening in children, seniors and other high-risk individuals. In addition to the drug-resistant influenza variants and the emerging mutations of influenza virus itself, the available vaccines do not protect completely against seasonal influenza virus. Novel highly-virulent influenza strains such as H5N1 and H7N9 arose unexpectedly to cause global pandemics with markedly increased morbidity and mortality. A small minority of isolates of pandemic H1N1 influenza A virus with oseltamivir resistance were detected from patients in several countries, including Japan, US, China and Europe, etc. since 2007. Meanwhile, widespread resistance to adamantane is now present in virtually all seasonal influenza viruses. Therefore, there is a continuing need for the development of new molecular target drugs and creative strategies to combat influenza viruses.

並列關鍵字

influenza ； oseltamivir ； neuraminidase inhibitor ； cap dependent endonuclease inhibitor ； RdR-polymerase inhibitor

參考文獻

曾子容、施浩榆、詹大千等：禽流感在人類的重大流行史觀與公共衛生。疫情報導2016;32:93-106。[Tseng TJ, Shih HY, Chan TC, et al: History of major epidemics of avian influenza in humans and public health perspectives. Epidemiology Bulletin 2016;32:93-106]

Li Q, Zhou L, Zhou M, et al: Epidemiology of human infections with avian influenza A(H7N9) virus in China. N Engl J Med 2014;370:520-32.

Peiris JS, Poon LL, Guan Y: Emergence of a novel swine-origin influenza A virus (S-OIV) H1N1 virus in humans. J Clin Virol 2009;45: 169-73.

Osterholm MT, Kelley NS, Sommer A, et al: Efficacy and effectiveness of influenza vaccines: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Infect Dis 2012;12: 36-44.

Xiaoai Wu, Xiuli Wu, Qizheng Sun, et al: Progress of small molecular inhibitors in the development of anti-influenza virus agents. Theranostics 2017;7:826-45.