兒童行為抑制氣質與焦慮

簡意玲; 蔡文哲

doi:10.29478/TJP.200709.0002

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Health & Medical Care > Social Medicine

DOI： 10.29478/TJP

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兒童行為抑制氣質與焦慮

Childhood Temperament of Behavioral Inhibition and Anxiety

簡意玲(Yi-Ling Chien,) ；蔡文哲(Wen-Che Tsai)

臺灣精神醫學； 21卷3期 (2007 / 09 / 01) ， P153 - 166

繁體中文 DOI： 10.29478/TJP.200709.0002

行為抑制；氣質；社交畏懼；社交焦慮； behavioral inhibition ； temperament ； social phobia ； social anxiety

Abstract │ Reference (69) │ Times Cited (1) │ Altmetrics

Abstract 〈TOP〉

Parallel Abstract 〈TOP〉

The concept of ”behavior inhibition” is a temperamental trait established by Kagan in 1988 and describes the fear of reticence associated with unfamiliar situations, events or strangers in children around 2 years old. Longitudinal studies have demonstrated that behavior inhibition in toddlers influences friture psychopathology, including higher risks of social anxiety and multiple anxiety disorder. Although the trait of behavior inhibition is defined by laboratory observation, there has also been evidence presented of a biological basis for the trait, including activation of the autonomous nervous system, hyperactivity of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis, increased amygdalar activity, etc. Dimensions similar to behavior inhibition have also been noted in other paradigms of temperament, especially Gray’s behavior inhibition system. From the viewpoint of cognitive psychology, several paradigms have been developed to help the investigation of relatedness between behavior inhibition and psychopathology. Using these, many factors have been shown to be correlated with behavior inhibition, including environmental factors such as parenting style and genetic factors such as genetic polymorphism of the 5-HIT gene and of the gene encoding corticotropin-releasing hormone. These preliminary genetic results need to be verified further. Finally, the temperament trait of behavior inhibition would seem to be necessary for the internalization of self-control and thus plays an important part in the development of socialization.

Reference ( 69 ) 〈TOP〉

Asghari V,Schoots O,van Kats S(1994).Dopamine D4 receptor repeat: analysis of different native and mutant forms of the human and rat genes.Mol Pharmacol,46,364-373.
Beidel DC,Turner SM,Morris TL(1999).Psychopathology of childhood social phobia.J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry,38,643-650.
Belsky J,Hsieh KH,Crnic K(1998).Mothering, fathering, and infant negativity as antecedents of boys` externalizing problems and inhibition at age 3 years: differential susceptibility to rearing experience?.Dev Psychopathol,10,301-319.
Biederman J,Hirshfeld-Becker DR,Rosenbaum JF(2001).Further evidence of association between behavioral inhibition and social anxiety in children.Am J Psycinatry,158,1673-1679.
Biederman J,Rosenbaum JF,Bolduc-Murphy EA(1993).A 3-year follow-up of children with and without behavioral inhibition.J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry,32,814-821.

Times Cited ( 1 ) 〈TOP〉

王珮玲(2014)。嬰幼兒氣質回顧與前瞻：1980-2011。應用心理研究，61，55-112。

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