男子競技體操地板項目後手翻動作之訓練方法

Back Handspring Training Method for Floor Exercises in Men's Artistic Gymnastics

黃哲奎(Che-Kuei Huang) ； 林高正(Kao-Cheng Lin) ； 陳光輝(Kuang-Hui Chen)

《大專體育》 143期 (2017/12) Pp. 32-42

https://doi.org/10.6162/SRR.2017.143.04

摘要

後手翻是地板項目實施向後系列高難度空翻的前置連接動作，選手在基礎訓練階段須達到熟練的程度。研究者發現在基礎階段時，選手完成後手翻的技術竟然有相當大的差異，基於上述理由，本文目的是針對後手翻動作技術訓練步驟及肌力輔助訓練等部分進行探討。透過相關文獻資料收集、彙整與分析，研究者將技術訓練步驟細分為：一、屈膝下蹲；二、起跳擺臂至第一騰空；三、第一騰空至倒立支撐；四、推手至第二騰空落地；五、後手翻技術輔助等訓練方法。結果發現選手實施動作初期，教練應該位於選手側面，手放在選手腰部位置協助維持身體重心高度，同時藉由保護墊緩衝身體重量對於手腕與手肘關節支撐地板時的壓力。建議在肌力訓練部分可運用增強式跳躍訓練、彈震式速度訓練強化下肢及上肢肌力，透過動、靜態懸垂舉腿和下背抬起訓練增加腹部肌群作用能力。

關鍵字

基礎訓練 ； 輔助 ； 肌力訓練

並列摘要

A back handspring is a series of highly difficult backward airborne flips that connects to the forward exercise movements. The researchers found that there was a significant difference in the back handspring techniques among Taiwanese gymnasts who have completed the basic training phase. As such, the purpose of this article is to explore the back handspring technique training steps and muscle strength training methods. Through a series of literature reviews, the researchers have divided the technique training into five steps: (1) squatting, (2) jumping and swinging arms to reach the first airborne position, (3) transition from the first airborne position to a handstand position, (4) training methods for pushing off to reach the second airborne position, (5) back handspring technique auxiliary training. The findings of this article indicate that during the early phase of practicing the move, coaches were recommended to stand beside the gymnasts and position their hands at the gymnasts' waist area to help the gymnasts maintain their center of gravity and altitude. They also employed protective mats to reduce the impact and pressure on the wrists and joints caused by the body's weight. In terms of muscle strength training, the researchers suggest that incremental jumping and ballistic speed training can strengthen the lower and upper limb muscles, and the use of dynamic and static hanging leg raise or lower back raise training can strengthen the abdominal muscle groups.

並列關鍵字

basic training ； auxiliary ； muscle strength training

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Fédération Internationale de Gymnastique. (2017). Main rules. Retrieved from http://www.fig-gymnastics.com/site/rules/main