工運抗爭中工人主體生成的實踐知識：社會變革取徑的工運論文回顧

The Practice Knowledge of Formation of labor Subject: Review of Research on Labor Movement from the Social Transformation Perspective

何燕堂(Yen-Tang Ho)

《應用心理研究》 73期 (2020/12) Pp. 1-53

https://doi.org/10.3966/156092512020120073001

摘要

本文主要探討台灣當代現代性壓迫過程中，社會變革取向的實踐知識對工運抵抗中工人主體生成的作用。本文回顧整理1990年代勞工運動組織工作者所書寫的工運論文，指出這些論文生產乃立基於社會田野的實踐基礎上，用自身實際的介入行動，在地操演在現代性壓迫處境中，企圖挖掘出另類能服務於運動實踐及受壓迫者辨認日常生活宰制系統的運作、將其迅速轉化成對抗行動的素材，促使抵抗的主體得以產生出來的行動與知識。這些論文探討當時的工人集體行動如何發生，如何進行，以及組織工作者介入行動產生的作用，拉出書寫者、組織者及行動研究者這三種角色在實踐知識生產過程中的交互作用。最後探討主流心理學、批判心理學與社會變革取徑的實踐知識的關係，指出行動者介入與受壓迫者的協同拮抗行動，所撐出的社會空間，對受壓迫者的意識覺醒及行動產生的積極作用。

關鍵字

主體生成 ； 行動研究 ； 批判心理學 ； 實踐知識

並列摘要

This paper explores the effect of practice knowledge on the formation of resistant subject of labor from the social transformation perspective. I purport that the writings by the organizers of labor movement in the 1990s were based on their personal experiences in field intervention actions aiming at developing alternative ways to identify the practice of ruling relations in everyday life. Such actions unraveled the subjects of resistance and generated further actions and knowledge in the context of modern oppression. The literature explored the origin and progress of the collective labor action, as well as the impact of the organizers' interventions. It is within this context of action, the interactions of the three roles as writer, organizer and action researcher in the process of generating practice knowledge is elucidated. Finally, I reflect on the relations among mainstream psychology, critical psychology and the social transformation approach. I conclude that the social spacing created by the joint actions of intervening actors and the oppressed has positive impact on the awakening and actions of the oppressed.

並列關鍵字

action research ； critical psychology ； formation of subject ； practice knowledge

參考文獻

方孝鼎（1991）：《工會運動與工廠政權之轉型》。東海大學，碩士論文。[Fang, X. D. (1991). The transformation of union movement and factory regime (Unpublished master’s thesis). Tung Hai University, Taichung, Taiwan.]

王波（2014）：〈心理學、生命政治與新自由主義治理〉。《國外社會科學》，5期，134-142。[Wang, B. (2014). Psychology, biopolitics, and neoliberal govermentality. Social Sciences Abroad, 5, 134-142.]

王振寰（1993）：《資本，勞工，與國家機器：台灣的政治與社會轉型》。台北市：唐山出版社。[Wang, J. H. (1993). Capital, labor, national machine: Taiwan’s political and social transformation. Taipei, Taiwan: Tang Shan.]

王振寰、方孝鼎（1992）：〈國家機器、勞工政策與勞工運動〉。《台灣社會研究季刊》，13期，1-29。[Wang, J. H., & Fang, X. D. (1992). State, labor policies and labor movement. Taiwan: A Radical Quarterly in Social Studies, 13, 1-29.]

王醒之（1998）：《打造藍領生涯：從一個勞資爭議過程看藍領生涯的限制與迷思》。輔仁大學，碩士論文。[ Wang , X. Z. (1998). Creating a blue collar career: Limitations and myths of a blue collar career from a labor dispute perspective (Unpublished master’s thesis). Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.]