以回饋檢視高中乙組排球選手攻擊之時宜表現

Viewing the suitable performance of the attack timing by a second level volleyball player with the Feedback

林靜詩(Ching-Shih Lin) ； 楊梓楣(Tzu-Mei Yang)

《政大體育研究》 24期 (2017/12) Pp. 27+29-40

https://doi.org/10.30411/CTTYYC.201712_(24).0003

摘要

口語回饋是排球教練在訓練過程常唯一使用的回饋方式，然而現今視聽媒體器材日趨普及，能夠提供即時且可回溯的影像訊息，藉由影像回放方式可讓選手觀看較為複雜的動作，清楚地檢視動作是否達到預期目標，因此成為有助於動作表現的方式之一，另一方面也有助於提升學習動機的功能。故本研究分別以視覺和口語回饋方式，探討能否在短時間內協助或調整排球選手攻擊助跑啟動及扣球表現。研究招募16名高中乙組選手，隨機分派至口語回饋組與視覺回饋組，參與者分別進行3次攻擊試作後獲得1次回饋為1個組間，共進行5組間，獲得期前後各進行5次無回饋的前測與後測。以2（組別）×2（測驗）混合設計二因子變異數分析，測驗為重複量數，結果顯示：口語回饋組與視覺回饋組在前、後測無明顯的交互作用，兩因子的主效果也未達顯著差異。本研究之結論為：因乙組選手在攻擊時宜認知能力上較為不足，無法從單一回饋方式來擷取有效的修正訊息，故提供即時性影像回饋或教練口語回饋並無不同。因此未來教練指導經驗不足或技術尚未成熟之乙組選手攻擊時宜，建議朝著多重方式給予回饋，對於攻擊時宜較有可能提升攻擊表現。

關鍵字

攻擊時宜 ； 啟動 ； 扣球 ； 動作學習

並列摘要

One of the important elements of sport studying and controlling is effective and proper feedback. Feedback provides the reference to the learner to correct the movements. The attack movement of volleyball is more complex and difficult than other skill. Besides the experienced whole attack movement, the occasion is also important. When attacking, players should realize the ball accurately. Therefore, the feedback information from the coach plays a very important role. Coaches gave oral feedback before, but nowadays the media equipment gets more popular and can provide real-time and backtracking video which player can observe if their movement reached the expected performance. That is one of the feedback for the coach to instruct the players. 16 senior high players in second level were distributed randomly to Oral-feedback group and Visual-Feedback group. Every participant got one feedback after 3 attack movements, 5 units got 15 attack movement. Participants got one no feedback unit test before and after the 5 feedback unit tests. Two-way ANOVA was designed for the volleyball attack approach timing and hitting timing, The result shows that there are no obvious interactions before and after the unit test between the Oral-Feedback group and Visual-Feedback group. And the main effect didn't got the obvious difference. So the conclusion is：For volleyball attack approach timing and hitting timing of volleyball, there are no difference between providing Visual-Feedback and Oral-Feedback from the coach.

並列關鍵字

attack timing ； approach ； hitting ； motor learning